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Averaging underwater noise levels for environmental assessment of shipping

Rising underwater noise levels from shipping have raised concerns regarding chronic impacts to marine fauna. However, there is a lack of consensus over how to average local shipping noise levels for environmental impact assessment. This paper addresses this issue using 110 days of continuous data re...

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Published in:	The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2012-10, Vol.132 (4), p.EL343-EL349
Main Authors:	MERCHANT, Nathan D, BLONDEL, Philippe, DAKIN, D. Tom, DOROCICZ, John
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Subjects:	Acoustics Acoustics - instrumentation Environmental Monitoring - instrumentation Environmental Monitoring - methods Exact sciences and technology Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications) Linear Models Motion Noise, Transportation - adverse effects Noise: its effects and control Oceans and Seas Physics Pressure Ships Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted Sound Sound Spectrography Time Factors Transducers, Pressure Water
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creator	MERCHANT, Nathan D BLONDEL, Philippe DAKIN, D. Tom DOROCICZ, John
description	Rising underwater noise levels from shipping have raised concerns regarding chronic impacts to marine fauna. However, there is a lack of consensus over how to average local shipping noise levels for environmental impact assessment. This paper addresses this issue using 110 days of continuous data recorded in the Strait of Georgia, Canada. Probability densities of ~10(7) 1-s samples in selected 1/3 octave bands were approximately stationary across one-month subsamples. Median and mode levels varied with averaging time. Mean sound pressure levels averaged in linear space, though susceptible to strong bias from outliers, are most relevant to cumulative impact assessment metrics.
doi_str_mv	10.1121/1.4754429
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subjects	Acoustics Acoustics - instrumentation Environmental Monitoring - instrumentation Environmental Monitoring - methods Exact sciences and technology Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications) Linear Models Motion Noise, Transportation - adverse effects Noise: its effects and control Oceans and Seas Physics Pressure Ships Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted Sound Sound Spectrography Time Factors Transducers, Pressure Water
title	Averaging underwater noise levels for environmental assessment of shipping
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