Effect of plasma electrolytic oxidation in the solutions containing Ca, P, Si, Na on the properties of titanium

• Published in: Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials Applied biomaterials, 2012-11, Vol.100B (8), p.2156-2166
• Main Authors: Krupa, Danuta, Baszkiewicz, Jacek, Zdunek, Joanna, Sobczak, Janusz W., Lisowski, Wojciech, Smolik, Jerzy, Słomka, Zbigniew
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: bioactivity; Biological and medical sciences; Calcium - chemistry; corrosion resistance; Electrochemical Techniques; Medical sciences; Oxidation-Reduction; Phosphates - chemistry; Phosphorus - chemistry; plasma electrolytic oxidation; Silicon - chemistry; Sodium - chemistry; Surface Properties; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Technology. Biomaterials. Equipments; titanium; Titanium - chemistry
• ISSN: 1552-4973; 1552-4981
• DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32781

The surface layers were formed on titanium by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) in the solutions which contain various amounts of Na2SiO3x5H2O, Na3PO4x12H2O and Ca(CH3COO)2xH2O. The layers were characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and an X‐ray diffractometer (XRD). The titanium/oxide surface layer interface was analyzed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The adhesive strength of the oxide layers was evaluated by the scratch‐test. The bioactivity of the surface was determined by soaking in a simulated body fluid (SBF) for 7 and 30 days. The corrosion resistance was determined by electrochemical methods after 13, 181, and 733 h exposure in SBF at a temperature of 37°C. The oxide layers obtained were rough and porous and enriched with Ca, P, Si, and Na and their properties depended on the concentration of the components of the electrolyte. The results of the electrochemical examinations, after a 13 h exposure in SBF, show that the surface modification by PEO improves the corrosion resistance of titanium and it is not degraded after a long‐term exposure in SBF. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results indicate that the surface layers have a complex structure. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.