The role of multi-modality imaging for sinus of Valsalva aneurysms

Sinus of Valsalva aneurysms (SVAs) are uncommon but important entities. They are most often congenital in origin, resulting from incomplete fusion of the aortic media to the aortic valve annulus. Less frequently, they may be acquired, usually secondary to infective endocarditis. Unruptured aneurysms...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging 2012-10, Vol.28 (7), p.1725-1738
Main Authors: Hoey, Edward T. D., Gulati, Gurpreet Singh, Singh, Sandeep, Watkin, Richard W., Nazir, Sarfraz, Ganeshan, Arul, Rafique, Abrar, Sivananthan, Mohan U.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aortic Aneurysm - diagnosis
Aortic Aneurysm - diagnostic imaging
Aortic Aneurysm - pathology
Cardiac Imaging
Cardiology
Diagnostic Imaging - methods
Echocardiography, Doppler, Color
Echocardiography, Transesophageal
Humans
Imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Multidetector Computed Tomography
Predictive Value of Tests
Prognosis
Radiology
Sinus of Valsalva - diagnostic imaging
Sinus of Valsalva - pathology
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Summary:Sinus of Valsalva aneurysms (SVAs) are uncommon but important entities. They are most often congenital in origin, resulting from incomplete fusion of the aortic media to the aortic valve annulus. Less frequently, they may be acquired, usually secondary to infective endocarditis. Unruptured aneurysms may be clinically silent and diagnosed incidentally, but can also produce symptoms as a consequence of mass effect on related structures. Rupture may present with sudden hemodynamic collapse but can have a more insidious onset depending upon the site and size of the perforation. Early diagnosis is imperative and can usually be made reliably by transthoracic echocardiography. However, transesophageal echocardiography may sometimes be required for confirmation. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) and multi-detector computed tomography are being increasingly utilized for evaluation of SVAs and can offer valuable complimentary information. CMRI in particular enables a comprehensive assessment of anatomy, function and flow in a single sitting. Surgical repair forms the mainstay of treatment for both ruptured and unruptured aneurysms and has low complication rates. This article provides an overview of the pathological and clinical aspects of SVAs and discusses in detail the role of advanced imaging modalities in their evaluation.
ISSN:1569-5794
1573-0743
1875-8312
DOI:10.1007/s10554-011-0001-5