Tidally driven N, P, Fe and Mn exchanges in salt marsh sediments of Tagus estuary (SW Europe)

Short-sediment cores and flooding water were collected at 0, 5, 15, 25 and 50 min of tidal inundation in the two sites colonised by pure stands of Spartina maritima (low marsh) and Sarcocornia fruticosa (high marsh) from the Rosário salt marsh (Tagus estuary, SW Europe). Concentrations of NH 4 + , N...

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Published in:Environmental monitoring and assessment 2012-11, Vol.184 (11), p.6541-6552
Main Authors: Caetano, M., Bernárdez, P., Santos-Echeandia, J., Prego, R., Vale, C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amaranthaceae - growth & development
Ammonium
Aquatic plants
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Bioremediation
Brackish
Cellulose acetate
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecology
Ecotoxicology
Environment
Environmental Management
Environmental Monitoring
Estuaries
Eutrophication
Exports
Floods
Geologic Sediments - chemistry
Iron - analysis
Manganese - analysis
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Nitrates
Nitrogen - analysis
Nutrients
Phosphorus - analysis
Poaceae - growth & development
Pore water
Portugal
Salt marshes
Sarcocornia fruticosa
Seawater - chemistry
Sediments
Soil erosion
Solutes
Spartina maritima
Studies
Tidal floods
Water
Water column
Water Movements
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
Wetlands
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description Short-sediment cores and flooding water were collected at 0, 5, 15, 25 and 50 min of tidal inundation in the two sites colonised by pure stands of Spartina maritima (low marsh) and Sarcocornia fruticosa (high marsh) from the Rosário salt marsh (Tagus estuary, SW Europe). Concentrations of NH 4 + , NO 3 −  + NO 2 − and HPO 4 2− , Fe and Mn were measured in tidal flooding water and pore water. Flooding water is enriched in nutrients, particularly ammonium due to local discharge of untreated urban effluents. Nevertheless, NH 4 + and NO 3 −  + NO 2 − concentrations in flooding waters at t  = 5 min (NH 4 +  = 246 ± 7 μM, NO 3 −  + NO 2 −  = 138 ± 1 μM for S. fruticosa and NH 4 +  = 256 ± 8 μM, NO 3 −  + NO 2 −  = 138 ± 1 μM for S. maritima ) rose sharply at both vegetated sites. An increase was also registered for HPO 4 2− and total dissolved Fe although the subsequent decrease was smoother. Advective transport induced by the two daily pulses of inundation is several orders of magnitude higher than the diffusive fluxes during submerged periods. In addition, solutes are exported from the sediment with the inundation and imported in submerged periods. The exported amount of inorganic nitrogen during tidal inundation (export of 3,200 μmol N m −2  day −1 to the water column), is not counterbalanced by the sink of −290 μmol N m −2  day −1 occurred during the submerged period.
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Concentrations of NH 4 + , NO 3 −  + NO 2 − and HPO 4 2− , Fe and Mn were measured in tidal flooding water and pore water. Flooding water is enriched in nutrients, particularly ammonium due to local discharge of untreated urban effluents. Nevertheless, NH 4 + and NO 3 −  + NO 2 − concentrations in flooding waters at t  = 5 min (NH 4 +  = 246 ± 7 μM, NO 3 −  + NO 2 −  = 138 ± 1 μM for S. fruticosa and NH 4 +  = 256 ± 8 μM, NO 3 −  + NO 2 −  = 138 ± 1 μM for S. maritima ) rose sharply at both vegetated sites. An increase was also registered for HPO 4 2− and total dissolved Fe although the subsequent decrease was smoother. Advective transport induced by the two daily pulses of inundation is several orders of magnitude higher than the diffusive fluxes during submerged periods. In addition, solutes are exported from the sediment with the inundation and imported in submerged periods. 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Concentrations of NH 4 + , NO 3 −  + NO 2 − and HPO 4 2− , Fe and Mn were measured in tidal flooding water and pore water. Flooding water is enriched in nutrients, particularly ammonium due to local discharge of untreated urban effluents. Nevertheless, NH 4 + and NO 3 −  + NO 2 − concentrations in flooding waters at t  = 5 min (NH 4 +  = 246 ± 7 μM, NO 3 −  + NO 2 −  = 138 ± 1 μM for S. fruticosa and NH 4 +  = 256 ± 8 μM, NO 3 −  + NO 2 −  = 138 ± 1 μM for S. maritima ) rose sharply at both vegetated sites. An increase was also registered for HPO 4 2− and total dissolved Fe although the subsequent decrease was smoother. Advective transport induced by the two daily pulses of inundation is several orders of magnitude higher than the diffusive fluxes during submerged periods. In addition, solutes are exported from the sediment with the inundation and imported in submerged periods. The exported amount of inorganic nitrogen during tidal inundation (export of 3,200 μmol N m −2  day −1 to the water column), is not counterbalanced by the sink of −290 μmol N m −2  day −1 occurred during the submerged period.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><pmid>22086267</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10661-011-2439-2</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Amaranthaceae - growth & development
Ammonium
Aquatic plants
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Bioremediation
Brackish
Cellulose acetate
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecology
Ecotoxicology
Environment
Environmental Management
Environmental Monitoring
Estuaries
Eutrophication
Exports
Floods
Geologic Sediments - chemistry
Iron - analysis
Manganese - analysis
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Nitrates
Nitrogen - analysis
Nutrients
Phosphorus - analysis
Poaceae - growth & development
Pore water
Portugal
Salt marshes
Sarcocornia fruticosa
Seawater - chemistry
Sediments
Soil erosion
Solutes
Spartina maritima
Studies
Tidal floods
Water
Water column
Water Movements
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
Wetlands
title Tidally driven N, P, Fe and Mn exchanges in salt marsh sediments of Tagus estuary (SW Europe)
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