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Can Top-Down and Bottom-Up be Reconciled? Electoral Competition and Service Delivery in Malaysia

Top-down versus bottom-up is one of development’s enduring tensions, not least in public service delivery. In Malaysia, public services have traditionally been animated from the top down. Bottom-up forces in civil society have strengthened recently, but so too have top-down forces, and their impact...

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Published in:	World development 2012-11, Vol.40 (11), p.2329-2341
Main Author:	Mccourt, Willy
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Subjects:	civic engagement Civil society Democracy Development Elections Electoral behaviour Malaysia New Public Management participation Politicians Public administration Public services Social change South-East Asia Southeast Asia Studies Voter behavior
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description	Top-down versus bottom-up is one of development’s enduring tensions, not least in public service delivery. In Malaysia, public services have traditionally been animated from the top down. Bottom-up forces in civil society have strengthened recently, but so too have top-down forces, and their impact on public services is greater. Malaysia’s experience suggests that where electoral competition gives politicians an incentive to respond to voters’ service preferences, top-down initiatives have the greater potential for large-scale social change. Participatory initiatives will be most effective when they play a supplementary role.
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source	International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS); Elsevier; PAIS Index
subjects	civic engagement Civil society Democracy Development Elections Electoral behaviour Malaysia New Public Management participation Politicians Public administration Public services Social change South-East Asia Southeast Asia Studies Voter behavior
title	Can Top-Down and Bottom-Up be Reconciled? Electoral Competition and Service Delivery in Malaysia
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