Hydrolytic instability of the important orexin 1 receptor antagonist SB-334867: Possible confounding effects on in vivo and in vitro studies

• Published in: Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 2012-11, Vol.22 (21), p.6661-6664
• Main Authors: McElhinny, Charles J., Lewin, Anita H., Mascarella, S. Wayne, Runyon, Scott, Brieaddy, Lawrence, Carroll, F. Ivy
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 2-Methylbenzoxazole; antagonists; Benzoxazoles - chemical synthesis; Benzoxazoles - chemistry; bioavailability; Biological and medical sciences; Drug Stability; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrolysis; in vitro studies; in vivo studies; Indexing in process; Ligands; Medical sciences; Molecular Structure; Orexin 1; Orexin Receptors; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - antagonists & inhibitors; Receptors, Neuropeptide - antagonists & inhibitors; SB-334867; Urea - analogs & derivatives; Urea - chemical synthesis; Urea - chemistry
• ISSN: 0960-894X; 1464-3405
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.08.109

SB-334867 has been an important ligand for the study of the orexin 1 (OX1) receptor due to its high OX1/OX2 selectivity and bioavailability. This ligand however, contains a 2-methylbenzoxazole ring system which is known to undergo hydrolysis, particularly under acidic or basic conditions. The possibility that SB-334867 would be susceptible to significant hydrolysis was evaluated in various formulations and in the solid state. SB-334867 was found to be unstable under conditions commonly employed to prepare stock solutions for in vitro and in vivo studies. In addition, and most alarmingly, the hydrochloride salt of SB-334867 was found to quantitatively decompose to an OX1-inactive product even in the solid state. These findings combine to suggest that studies using SB-334867 (and any other 2-methylbenzoxazole-containing compound) should be performed with great care to avoid the confounding effects of the rapid hydrolytic decomposition of this susceptible structure.