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Enhanced Li super(+) ion transport in LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) through control of site disorder

High voltage spinel LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) is a very promising cathode material for lithium ion batteries that can be used to power hybrid electrical vehicles (HEVs). Through careful control of the cooling rate after high temperature calcination, LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) spinels wi...

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Published in:	Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP 2012-09, Vol.14 (39), p.13515-13521
Main Authors:	Zheng, Jianming, Xiao, Jie, Yu, Xiqian, Kovarik, Libor, Gu, Meng, Omenya, Fredrick, Chen, Xilin, Yang, Xiao-Qing, Liu, Jun, Graff, Gordon L, Whittingham, MStanley, Zhang, Ji-Guang
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Subjects:	Charge Electrode materials High voltages Hybrid vehicles Ion transport Lithium batteries Phase transformations Spinel
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container_title	Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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creator	Zheng, Jianming Xiao, Jie Yu, Xiqian Kovarik, Libor Gu, Meng Omenya, Fredrick Chen, Xilin Yang, Xiao-Qing Liu, Jun Graff, Gordon L Whittingham, MStanley Zhang, Ji-Guang
description	High voltage spinel LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) is a very promising cathode material for lithium ion batteries that can be used to power hybrid electrical vehicles (HEVs). Through careful control of the cooling rate after high temperature calcination, LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) spinels with different disordered phase and/or Mn super(3+) contents have been synthesized. It is revealed that during the slow cooling process (
doi_str_mv	10.1039/c2cp43007j
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Through careful control of the cooling rate after high temperature calcination, LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) spinels with different disordered phase and/or Mn super(3+) contents have been synthesized. It is revealed that during the slow cooling process (<3 degree C min super(-1)), oxygen deficiency is reduced by the oxygen intake, thus the residual Mn super(3+) amount is also decreased in the spinel due to charge neutrality. In situX-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrates that the existence of a disordered phase fundamentally changes the spinel phase transition pathways during the electrochemical charge-discharge process. The presence of an appropriate amount of oxygen deficiency and/or Mn super(3+) is critical to accelerate the Li super(+) ion transport within the crystalline structure, which is beneficial to enhance the electrochemical performance of LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4). LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) with an appropriate amount of disordered phase offers high rate capability (96 mAh g super(-1) at 10 degree C) and excellent cycling performance with 94.8% capacity retention after 300 cycles. 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Through careful control of the cooling rate after high temperature calcination, LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) spinels with different disordered phase and/or Mn super(3+) contents have been synthesized. It is revealed that during the slow cooling process (<3 degree C min super(-1)), oxygen deficiency is reduced by the oxygen intake, thus the residual Mn super(3+) amount is also decreased in the spinel due to charge neutrality. In situX-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrates that the existence of a disordered phase fundamentally changes the spinel phase transition pathways during the electrochemical charge-discharge process. The presence of an appropriate amount of oxygen deficiency and/or Mn super(3+) is critical to accelerate the Li super(+) ion transport within the crystalline structure, which is beneficial to enhance the electrochemical performance of LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4). LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) with an appropriate amount of disordered phase offers high rate capability (96 mAh g super(-1) at 10 degree C) and excellent cycling performance with 94.8% capacity retention after 300 cycles. The fundamental findings in this work can be widely applied to guide the synthesis of other mixed oxides or spinels as high performance electrode materials for lithium ion batteries.</description><subject>Charge</subject><subject>Electrode materials</subject><subject>High voltages</subject><subject>Hybrid vehicles</subject><subject>Ion transport</subject><subject>Lithium batteries</subject><subject>Phase transformations</subject><subject>Spinel</subject><issn>1463-9076</issn><issn>1463-9084</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqVykFPwkAQhuGNkURULv6CObYx4Ay7tHImGA4gF-6kbBe6pO7Une3_B4nx7ul7kvdT6oVwQqjnb3ZqO6MRy_OdGpIp9HiO7-b-z2XxoB5FzohIM9JDdVqGpgrW1bD2IH3nYvaag-cAKVZBOo4JfLjGz598yHAyyzfhRrpye5PJITWR-1MDlkOK3AIfQXxyUHvhWLv4rAbHqhU3-t0nlX0sd4vVuIv83TtJ-y8v1rVtFRz3sifShSmoRNL_uF4Ad-BNtg</recordid><startdate>20120901</startdate><enddate>20120901</enddate><creator>Zheng, Jianming</creator><creator>Xiao, Jie</creator><creator>Yu, Xiqian</creator><creator>Kovarik, Libor</creator><creator>Gu, Meng</creator><creator>Omenya, Fredrick</creator><creator>Chen, Xilin</creator><creator>Yang, Xiao-Qing</creator><creator>Liu, Jun</creator><creator>Graff, Gordon L</creator><creator>Whittingham, MStanley</creator><creator>Zhang, Ji-Guang</creator><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120901</creationdate><title>Enhanced Li super(+) ion transport in LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) through control of site disorder</title><author>Zheng, Jianming ; Xiao, Jie ; Yu, Xiqian ; Kovarik, Libor ; Gu, Meng ; Omenya, Fredrick ; Chen, Xilin ; Yang, Xiao-Qing ; Liu, Jun ; Graff, Gordon L ; Whittingham, MStanley ; Zhang, Ji-Guang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-proquest_miscellaneous_11364617013</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Charge</topic><topic>Electrode materials</topic><topic>High voltages</topic><topic>Hybrid vehicles</topic><topic>Ion transport</topic><topic>Lithium batteries</topic><topic>Phase transformations</topic><topic>Spinel</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zheng, Jianming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xiao, Jie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Xiqian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kovarik, Libor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gu, Meng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Omenya, Fredrick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Xilin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Xiao-Qing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graff, Gordon L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Whittingham, MStanley</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Ji-Guang</creatorcontrib><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zheng, Jianming</au><au>Xiao, Jie</au><au>Yu, Xiqian</au><au>Kovarik, Libor</au><au>Gu, Meng</au><au>Omenya, Fredrick</au><au>Chen, Xilin</au><au>Yang, Xiao-Qing</au><au>Liu, Jun</au><au>Graff, Gordon L</au><au>Whittingham, MStanley</au><au>Zhang, Ji-Guang</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Enhanced Li super(+) ion transport in LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) through control of site disorder</atitle><jtitle>Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP</jtitle><date>2012-09-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>39</issue><spage>13515</spage><epage>13521</epage><pages>13515-13521</pages><issn>1463-9076</issn><eissn>1463-9084</eissn><abstract>High voltage spinel LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) is a very promising cathode material for lithium ion batteries that can be used to power hybrid electrical vehicles (HEVs). Through careful control of the cooling rate after high temperature calcination, LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) spinels with different disordered phase and/or Mn super(3+) contents have been synthesized. It is revealed that during the slow cooling process (<3 degree C min super(-1)), oxygen deficiency is reduced by the oxygen intake, thus the residual Mn super(3+) amount is also decreased in the spinel due to charge neutrality. In situX-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrates that the existence of a disordered phase fundamentally changes the spinel phase transition pathways during the electrochemical charge-discharge process. The presence of an appropriate amount of oxygen deficiency and/or Mn super(3+) is critical to accelerate the Li super(+) ion transport within the crystalline structure, which is beneficial to enhance the electrochemical performance of LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4). LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) with an appropriate amount of disordered phase offers high rate capability (96 mAh g super(-1) at 10 degree C) and excellent cycling performance with 94.8% capacity retention after 300 cycles. The fundamental findings in this work can be widely applied to guide the synthesis of other mixed oxides or spinels as high performance electrode materials for lithium ion batteries.</abstract><doi>10.1039/c2cp43007j</doi></addata></record>
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subjects	Charge Electrode materials High voltages Hybrid vehicles Ion transport Lithium batteries Phase transformations Spinel
title	Enhanced Li super(+) ion transport in LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) through control of site disorder
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