Synthesis of zeolite Beta, MFI, and MTW using imidazole, piperidine, and pyridine based quaternary ammonium salts as structure directing agents

The synthesis of zeolites is investigated using a variety of quaternary ammonium salts of imidazole, piperidine, and pyridine based structure directing agents. The materials were characterized by a complementary combination of X-ray diffraction, N sub(2)-adsorption/desorption, scanning electron micr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:RSC advances 2012-01, Vol.2 (26), p.10072-10084
Main Authors: Kore, Rajkumar, Srivastava, Rajendra
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Beta
Imidazole
MFI
Pyridines
Quaternary ammonium salts
Scanning electron microscopy
Synthesis
Zeolites
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Summary:The synthesis of zeolites is investigated using a variety of quaternary ammonium salts of imidazole, piperidine, and pyridine based structure directing agents. The materials were characterized by a complementary combination of X-ray diffraction, N sub(2)-adsorption/desorption, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Only suitable quaternary ammonium salts were able to form zeolites Beta, MFI, and MTW. Zeolites (especially Beta) obtained using these quaternary ammonium salts are nanocrystalline in nature and exhibited high surface area and pore volume compared to conventional zeolites. Experimental evidence and density functional theory studies suggest that a limited conformational freedom, provided by the cyclic structure of the quaternary ammonium salts, is an important prerequisite and acts as a structure directing agent for the synthesis of zeolites.
ISSN:2046-2069
2046-2069
DOI:10.1039/c2ra20437a