Cardiovascular implantable electronic device endocarditis treated with daptomycin with or without transvenous removal

• Published in: Heart & lung 2012-11, Vol.41 (6), p.e24-e30
• Main Authors: Tascini, Carlo, MD, Bongiorni, Maria Grazia, MD, Di Cori, Andrea, MD, Di Paolo, Antonello, MD, Polidori, Marina, MD, Tagliaferri, Enrico, MD, Fondelli, Serena, MD, Soldati, Ezio, MD, Ciullo, Ilaria, BS, Leonildi, Alessandro, BS, Danesi, Romano, PhD, Coluccia, Giovanni, MD, Menichetti, Francesco, MD
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use; Cardiovascular; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular implantable electronic device; Critical Care; Daptomycin; Daptomycin - therapeutic use; Device Removal; Drug resistance; Endocarditis; Endocarditis, Bacterial - etiology; Endocarditis, Bacterial - microbiology; Endocarditis, Bacterial - therapy; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Medical equipment; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - isolation & purification; Middle Aged; Pacemaker, Artificial - adverse effects; Pacemaker, Artificial - microbiology; Pulmonary/Respiratory; Retrospective Studies; Staphylococcal Infections - microbiology; Staphylococcal Infections - therapy; Staphylococcus infections; Transplants & implants; Transvenous removal; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 0147-9563; 1527-3288
• DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2012.02.002

Abstract Background and Methods Nine patients with cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) endocarditis were treated with daptomycin after the failure of previous treatment. The blood and CIED lead cultures of 1 patient were negative. In the other 8 patients, we observed 6 monomicrobic infections and 2 polymicrobic infections. Overall, 10 strains were isolated in these patients: 4 methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus , 2 methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis , 1 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus , 1 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis , 1 methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus hominis , and 1 Propionibacterium acnes . The CIED was removed transvenously in 7 patients. Two patients were too sick for the removal of their CIED, and were cured with 6 mg/kg of daptomycin for 60 and 110 days, respectively, without adverse events. Results One patient died 4 days after the removal of his CIED because of a complicated abdominal aortic aneurysm. The other 8 patients were cured, with a mean follow-up of 17 ± 8 months. The removed leads were negative, after daptomycin therapy, in 4 cases out of 7. The mean ratio between peak daptomycin concentration and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the causative strains was 38.3 ± 18.5. For patients whose data were available, the ratio between peak daptomycin concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) was 13.2 ± 3.2. Conclusion Daptomycin monotherapy may be a useful therapeutic tool in difficult-to-treat CIED endocarditis, resulting in a high rate of cures and sterilized leads removed. The ratio between peak daptomycin concentration and MIC or MBC may be useful as predictive tool for treatment success.