Aldosterone and angiotensin: Role in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases

The present review shall familiarize the readers with the role of renin–angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS), which regulates blood pressure, electrolyte and fluid homeostasis. The local RAAS operates in an autocrine, paracrine and/or intracrine manner and exhibits multiple physiological effects at...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of pharmacology 2012-12, Vol.697 (1-3), p.1-12
Main Authors: Patel, Bhoomika M., Mehta, Anita A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
aldosterone
Aldosterone - metabolism
angiotensin II
Angiotensin II - metabolism
Animals
Autocrine Communication
Blood Pressure
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism
Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus - metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus - physiopathology
electrolytes
fibrosis
heart failure
homeostasis
Humans
hyperinsulinemia
hypertension
hypertrophy
inflammation
Paracrine Communication
pharmacology
Renin-Angiotensin System
Renin–angiotensin aldosterone system
Signal Transduction
Water-Electrolyte Balance
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Summary:The present review shall familiarize the readers with the role of renin–angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS), which regulates blood pressure, electrolyte and fluid homeostasis. The local RAAS operates in an autocrine, paracrine and/or intracrine manner and exhibits multiple physiological effects at the cellular level. In addition to local RAAS, there exists a complete pancreatic RAAS which has multi-facet role in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Aldosterone is known to mediate hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, cardiac failure and myocardial fibrosis while angiotensin II mediates diabetes, endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, hypertrophy and remodeling. As the understanding of this biology of RAAS increases, it serves to exploit this for the pharmacotherapy of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
ISSN:0014-2999
1879-0712
DOI:10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.09.034