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Risk of developmental delay increases exponentially as gestational age of preterm infants decreases: a cohort study at age 4 years
Aim The aim of the study was to assess the influence of decreasing gestational age on the risk of developmental delay in various domains at age 4 years among children born at a wide range of gestational ages. Method In a community‐based cohort, the parents of 1439 preterm‐born children (24 0/7 to...
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| Published in: | Developmental medicine and child neurology 2012-12, Vol.54 (12), p.1096-1101 |
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| container_end_page | 1101 |
| container_issue | 12 |
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| container_title | Developmental medicine and child neurology |
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| creator | KERSTJENS, JORIEN M DE WINTER, ANDREA F BOCCA-TJEERTES, INGER F BOS, AREND F REIJNEVELD, SIJMEN A |
| description | Aim The aim of the study was to assess the influence of decreasing gestational age on the risk of developmental delay in various domains at age 4 years among children born at a wide range of gestational ages.
Method In a community‐based cohort, the parents of 1439 preterm‐born children (24 0/7 to 35 6/7wks) and 544 term‐born children (38 0/7 to 41 6/7wks’) born in 2002 and 2003 completed the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) when their child was 3 years 7 months to 4 years 1 month old. The prevalence rates of abnormal scores on the ASQ‐total problems scale were compared in preterm and term‐born children and the resulting odds ratios for gestational age groups were calculated and adjusted for social and biological covariates.
Results The prevalence rates of abnormal scores on the ASQ‐total problems scale increased with decreasing gestational age: from 4.2% among term‐born children to 37.5% among children born at 24–25 weeks’ gestation (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04423.x |
| format | article |
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Method In a community‐based cohort, the parents of 1439 preterm‐born children (24 0/7 to 35 6/7wks) and 544 term‐born children (38 0/7 to 41 6/7wks’) born in 2002 and 2003 completed the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) when their child was 3 years 7 months to 4 years 1 month old. The prevalence rates of abnormal scores on the ASQ‐total problems scale were compared in preterm and term‐born children and the resulting odds ratios for gestational age groups were calculated and adjusted for social and biological covariates.
Results The prevalence rates of abnormal scores on the ASQ‐total problems scale increased with decreasing gestational age: from 4.2% among term‐born children to 37.5% among children born at 24–25 weeks’ gestation (p<0.001). The risk of an abnormal ASQ‐total score increased exponentially with decreasing gestational age compared with children born at term (odds ratio per week of gestation 1.14, 95% confidence interval 1.09–1.19). A similar exponential pattern was seen on all underlying ASQ domains, both before and after adjustment.
Interpretation The risk of developmental delay increases exponentially with decreasing gestational age below 36 weeks’ gestation on all developmental domains of the ASQ. Adjustment for covariates did not alter the pattern of exponential increase in developmental risk with decreasing gestational age. We speculate that both direct perinatal cerebral injuries and tropic and maturational brain disturbances are involved.
This article is commented on by de Kleine on page 1073 of this issue.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0012-1622</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-8749</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04423.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23020259</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Brain ; Child, Preschool ; Cohort Studies ; Developmental Delays ; Developmental Disabilities - epidemiology ; Developmental Disabilities - etiology ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature, Diseases - epidemiology ; Injuries ; Male ; Measures (Individuals) ; Netherlands - epidemiology ; Neurological Impairments ; Perinatal Influences ; Predictor Variables ; Pregnancy ; Premature Infants ; Prevalence ; Questionnaires ; Risk ; Scores ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Children</subject><ispartof>Developmental medicine and child neurology, 2012-12, Vol.54 (12), p.1096-1101</ispartof><rights>The Authors. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology © 2012 Mac Keith Press</rights><rights>The Authors. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology © 2012 Mac Keith Press.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4093-9c308b58bd7a763d9f3a6b20cc764a9c665f2df27c0eb1aa0345762f8de3cb0f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4093-9c308b58bd7a763d9f3a6b20cc764a9c665f2df27c0eb1aa0345762f8de3cb0f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ985747$$DView record in ERIC$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23020259$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>KERSTJENS, JORIEN M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DE WINTER, ANDREA F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BOCCA-TJEERTES, INGER F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BOS, AREND F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>REIJNEVELD, SIJMEN A</creatorcontrib><title>Risk of developmental delay increases exponentially as gestational age of preterm infants decreases: a cohort study at age 4 years</title><title>Developmental medicine and child neurology</title><addtitle>Dev Med Child Neurol</addtitle><description>Aim The aim of the study was to assess the influence of decreasing gestational age on the risk of developmental delay in various domains at age 4 years among children born at a wide range of gestational ages.
Method In a community‐based cohort, the parents of 1439 preterm‐born children (24 0/7 to 35 6/7wks) and 544 term‐born children (38 0/7 to 41 6/7wks’) born in 2002 and 2003 completed the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) when their child was 3 years 7 months to 4 years 1 month old. The prevalence rates of abnormal scores on the ASQ‐total problems scale were compared in preterm and term‐born children and the resulting odds ratios for gestational age groups were calculated and adjusted for social and biological covariates.
Results The prevalence rates of abnormal scores on the ASQ‐total problems scale increased with decreasing gestational age: from 4.2% among term‐born children to 37.5% among children born at 24–25 weeks’ gestation (p<0.001). The risk of an abnormal ASQ‐total score increased exponentially with decreasing gestational age compared with children born at term (odds ratio per week of gestation 1.14, 95% confidence interval 1.09–1.19). A similar exponential pattern was seen on all underlying ASQ domains, both before and after adjustment.
Interpretation The risk of developmental delay increases exponentially with decreasing gestational age below 36 weeks’ gestation on all developmental domains of the ASQ. Adjustment for covariates did not alter the pattern of exponential increase in developmental risk with decreasing gestational age. We speculate that both direct perinatal cerebral injuries and tropic and maturational brain disturbances are involved.
This article is commented on by de Kleine on page 1073 of this issue.</description><subject>Brain</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Developmental Delays</subject><subject>Developmental Disabilities - epidemiology</subject><subject>Developmental Disabilities - etiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gestational Age</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Infant, Premature, Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Injuries</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Measures (Individuals)</subject><subject>Netherlands - epidemiology</subject><subject>Neurological Impairments</subject><subject>Perinatal Influences</subject><subject>Predictor Variables</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Premature Infants</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Risk</subject><subject>Scores</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Young Children</subject><issn>0012-1622</issn><issn>1469-8749</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>7SW</sourceid><recordid>eNqNUctu1DAUtRCIDoU_QMhLNgl-xY5ZIKGhLaBSJFTK0nKcm5JpXtgZOtlVgi_lS3CaYdZ4Y1-dx5XPQQhTktJ4Xm1SKqROciV0yghlKRGC8XT3AK0OwEO0IhFKqGTsCD0JYUMI4TITj9ER44QRlukV-v2lDje4r3AJP6Hphxa60TZxauyE6855sAECht3QdxGqbdNM2AZ8DWG0Y913kWyvYXYYPIzg26iqbDeG6LFXv8YWu_5770ccxm0Z9eO9Rvy5-zWB9eEpelTZJsCz_X2Mvp6eXK7fJ-efzz6s354nThDNE-04yYssL0plleSlrriVBSPOKSmsdlJmFSsrphyBglpLuMiUZFVeAncFqfgxern4Dr7_sY0_MG0dHDSN7aDfBkOp0hnJYoSRmi9U5_sQPFRm8HVr_WQoMXMHZmPmqM0ctZk7MPcdmF2Uvthv2RYtlAfhv9Aj4flCAF-7A3zyUeeZEirCbxb4tm5g-u-95t2n9cX8jAbJYlCHEXYHA-tvjFRcZebbxZm5VFdXp1pRk_G_ACKw9g</recordid><startdate>201212</startdate><enddate>201212</enddate><creator>KERSTJENS, JORIEN M</creator><creator>DE WINTER, ANDREA F</creator><creator>BOCCA-TJEERTES, INGER F</creator><creator>BOS, AREND F</creator><creator>REIJNEVELD, SIJMEN A</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Wiley-Blackwell</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>7SW</scope><scope>BJH</scope><scope>BNH</scope><scope>BNI</scope><scope>BNJ</scope><scope>BNO</scope><scope>ERI</scope><scope>PET</scope><scope>REK</scope><scope>WWN</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201212</creationdate><title>Risk of developmental delay increases exponentially as gestational age of preterm infants decreases: a cohort study at age 4 years</title><author>KERSTJENS, JORIEN M ; DE WINTER, ANDREA F ; BOCCA-TJEERTES, INGER F ; BOS, AREND F ; REIJNEVELD, SIJMEN A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4093-9c308b58bd7a763d9f3a6b20cc764a9c665f2df27c0eb1aa0345762f8de3cb0f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Brain</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Developmental Delays</topic><topic>Developmental Disabilities - epidemiology</topic><topic>Developmental Disabilities - etiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gestational Age</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Infant, Newborn</topic><topic>Infant, Premature, Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Injuries</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Measures (Individuals)</topic><topic>Netherlands - epidemiology</topic><topic>Neurological Impairments</topic><topic>Perinatal Influences</topic><topic>Predictor Variables</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Premature Infants</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Risk</topic><topic>Scores</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Young Children</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>KERSTJENS, JORIEN M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DE WINTER, ANDREA F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BOCCA-TJEERTES, INGER F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BOS, AREND F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>REIJNEVELD, SIJMEN A</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Ovid)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>ERIC( SilverPlatter )</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Developmental medicine and child neurology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>KERSTJENS, JORIEN M</au><au>DE WINTER, ANDREA F</au><au>BOCCA-TJEERTES, INGER F</au><au>BOS, AREND F</au><au>REIJNEVELD, SIJMEN A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ985747</ericid><atitle>Risk of developmental delay increases exponentially as gestational age of preterm infants decreases: a cohort study at age 4 years</atitle><jtitle>Developmental medicine and child neurology</jtitle><addtitle>Dev Med Child Neurol</addtitle><date>2012-12</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>54</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>1096</spage><epage>1101</epage><pages>1096-1101</pages><issn>0012-1622</issn><eissn>1469-8749</eissn><abstract>Aim The aim of the study was to assess the influence of decreasing gestational age on the risk of developmental delay in various domains at age 4 years among children born at a wide range of gestational ages.
Method In a community‐based cohort, the parents of 1439 preterm‐born children (24 0/7 to 35 6/7wks) and 544 term‐born children (38 0/7 to 41 6/7wks’) born in 2002 and 2003 completed the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) when their child was 3 years 7 months to 4 years 1 month old. The prevalence rates of abnormal scores on the ASQ‐total problems scale were compared in preterm and term‐born children and the resulting odds ratios for gestational age groups were calculated and adjusted for social and biological covariates.
Results The prevalence rates of abnormal scores on the ASQ‐total problems scale increased with decreasing gestational age: from 4.2% among term‐born children to 37.5% among children born at 24–25 weeks’ gestation (p<0.001). The risk of an abnormal ASQ‐total score increased exponentially with decreasing gestational age compared with children born at term (odds ratio per week of gestation 1.14, 95% confidence interval 1.09–1.19). A similar exponential pattern was seen on all underlying ASQ domains, both before and after adjustment.
Interpretation The risk of developmental delay increases exponentially with decreasing gestational age below 36 weeks’ gestation on all developmental domains of the ASQ. Adjustment for covariates did not alter the pattern of exponential increase in developmental risk with decreasing gestational age. We speculate that both direct perinatal cerebral injuries and tropic and maturational brain disturbances are involved.
This article is commented on by de Kleine on page 1073 of this issue.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>23020259</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04423.x</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Developmental medicine and child neurology, 2012-12, Vol.54 (12), p.1096-1101 |
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| source | Wiley; ERIC |
| subjects | Brain Child, Preschool Cohort Studies Developmental Delays Developmental Disabilities - epidemiology Developmental Disabilities - etiology Female Gestational Age Humans Incidence Infant, Newborn Infant, Premature, Diseases - epidemiology Injuries Male Measures (Individuals) Netherlands - epidemiology Neurological Impairments Perinatal Influences Predictor Variables Pregnancy Premature Infants Prevalence Questionnaires Risk Scores Surveys and Questionnaires Young Children |
| title | Risk of developmental delay increases exponentially as gestational age of preterm infants decreases: a cohort study at age 4 years |
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