Accumulation of heavy metals in edible parts of vegetables irrigated with waste water and their daily intake to adults and children, District Mardan, Pakistan

► Level of eight heavy metals was determined in vegetables irrigated with wastewater. ► Heavy metals accumulation was several folds greater than the FAO/WHO standards. ► High bioconcentration factor was associated with all vegetables studied. ► Daily human intake of the metals a was significantly gr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Food chemistry 2013-02, Vol.136 (3-4), p.1515-1523
Main Authors: Amin, Noor-ul, Hussain, Anwar, Alamzeb, Sidra, Begum, Shumaila
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Agricultural Irrigation
Allium cepa
Allium sativum
Bioconcentration factor
Biological and medical sciences
Child
Eating
Female
Food and Agriculture Organization
food contamination
Food Contamination - analysis
Food industries
Fruit and vegetable industries
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General aspects
Heavy metals
Humans
Intake in children and adults
irrigated soils
Male
Metals, Heavy - analysis
Metals, Heavy - metabolism
Pakistan
Pollution and sludges
Sewage - analysis
Soil Pollutants - analysis
Soil Pollutants - metabolism
soil water
Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum melongena
vegetable crops
vegetable growing
Vegetables
Vegetables - chemistry
Vegetables - metabolism
wastewater
wastewater irrigation
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
Water Pollutants, Chemical - metabolism
World Health Organization
Young Adult
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Summary:► Level of eight heavy metals was determined in vegetables irrigated with wastewater. ► Heavy metals accumulation was several folds greater than the FAO/WHO standards. ► High bioconcentration factor was associated with all vegetables studied. ► Daily human intake of the metals a was significantly greater than FAO/WHO standards. Green vegetable crops irrigated with wastewater are highly contaminated with heavy metals and are the main source of human exposure to the contaminants. In this study accumulation of eight heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Zn, Cr, Fe, Mn, Co and Pb) in green vegetables like Allium cepa, Allium sativum, Solanum lycopersicum and Solanum melongena, irrigated with wastewater in Mardan are studied using Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer. The studied metals in vegetable grown on wastewater irrigated soil were significantly higher than those of tube well water irrigated soil and WHO/FAO permissible limits (P
ISSN:0308-8146
1873-7072
DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.09.058