Primary Headaches in Children: Clinical Findings and the Association with other Conditions

The aim of the present study is to report on the frequency of some comorbidities in primary headaches in childhood. Two hundred and eighty children (175 males and 105 females; ratio 1.7:1), aged 4 to 14 years, affected by primary headaches were consecutively enrolled in this study. In direct intervi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology 2012-10, Vol.25 (4), p.1083-1091
Main Authors: Pavone, P., Rizzo, R., Conti, I., Verrotti, A., Mistretta, A., Falsaperla, R., Praticò, A.D., Grosso, G., Pavone, L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Anxiety - complications
Child
Child, Preschool
Comorbidity
Depression - complications
Female
Headache - epidemiology
Headache - etiology
Humans
Male
Migraine Disorders - epidemiology
Migraine Disorders - etiology
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - complications
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive - complications
Social Class
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Summary:The aim of the present study is to report on the frequency of some comorbidities in primary headaches in childhood. Two hundred and eighty children (175 males and 105 females; ratio 1.7:1), aged 4 to 14 years, affected by primary headaches were consecutively enrolled in this study. In direct interviews, parents and children gave information about the association of their headaches with different conditions including asthma and allergic disorders, convulsive episodes, sleep disorders and increased body weight, affections some time associated in the literature to headache as comorbidities. In addition, anxiety and depression, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, tics, learning disabilities and obsessive-compulsive disorders, using psycho-diagnostic scales were evaluated. Two hundred and eighty children matched for age, sex, race and socio-economic status, were used as controls. No significant association of primary headaches was found with asthma and allergic disorders, convulsive episodes, sleep disorders and increased body weight. Overall behavioral disorders were more common in children who experienced headache than in controls. A significant association of primary headache was found with anxiety and depression (p value
ISSN:0394-6320
2058-7384
DOI:10.1177/039463201202500425