Influence of oxygen depletion layer on the properties of tin oxide gas-sensing films fabricated by atomic layer deposition

• Published in: Applied physics. A, Materials science & processing Materials science & processing, 2009-06, Vol.95 (3), p.621-627
• Main Authors: Natarajan, Gomathi, Cameron, David C.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties; Conductance; Depletion; Deposition; Electronic structure and electrical properties of surfaces, interfaces, thin films and low-dimensional structures; Electronic transport phenomena in thin films and low-dimensional structures; Ethyl alcohol; Exact sciences and technology; Film thickness; General equipment and techniques; Grain boundaries; Instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy; Invited Paper; Low-field transport and mobility; piezoresistance; Machines; Manufacturing; Nanotechnology; Optical and Electronic Materials; Physics; Physics and Astronomy; Processes; Sensors (chemical, optical, electrical, movement, gas, etc.); remote sensing; Surfaces and Interfaces; Thin Films; Tin oxides
• ISSN: 0947-8396; 1432-0630
• DOI: 10.1007/s00339-009-5154-x

In this paper we report on the influence of film thickness on the electrical and gas-sensing properties of tin oxide thin films grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique. The nature of the carrier and post-flow gases used in ALD was found to have a dramatic influence on the electrical conductance of the deposited films. Up to a film thickness of 50 nm the sheet conductance of the films increased with the thickness, and above 50 nm the sheet conductance was not significantly influenced by the film thickness. This effect was attributed to oxygen depletion at the film surface. When the depth of oxygen depletion ( d dep ) was greater than or equal to the film thickness ( t ), the sheet conductance was thickness dependant. On the other hand, when d dep ≤ t , the sheet conductance was independent of the film thickness but depended on the depth of the oxygen depletion. This proposed explanation was verified by subjecting the films to different lengths of post-annealing in an oxygen depleted atmosphere. Gas-sensing functionality of the films with various thicknesses was examined. It was observed that the film thickness had a significant influence on the gas-sensing property of the films. When the thickness was greater than 40 nm, the sensitivity of the films to ethanol was found to follow the widely reported trend, i.e., the sensitivity decreases when the film thickness increases. Below the film thickness of 40 nm the sensitivity decreases as film thickness decreases, and we propose a model to explain this observation based on the increase in resistance due to multiple grain boundaries.