Emerging mediators of airway smooth muscle dysfunction in asthma

Abstract Phenotypic changes in airway smooth muscle are integral to the pathophysiological changes that constitute asthma – namely inflammation, airway wall remodelling and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that the proliferative, secretory and contractile functi...

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Published in:Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics 2013-02, Vol.26 (1), p.105-111
Main Authors: Yeganeh, Behzad, Xia, Connie, Movassagh, Hesam, Koziol-White, Cynthia, Chang, Ying, Al-Alwan, Laila, Bourke, Jane E, Oliver, Brian G.G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Airway Remodeling
Airway smooth muscle
Animals
Asthma
Asthma - physiopathology
Bronchial Hyperreactivity - physiopathology
Chemokines, CXC - metabolism
Cytokines - metabolism
Humans
Inflammation - pathology
Medical Education
Muscle Contraction
Muscle, Smooth - pathology
Phenotype
Pulmonary/Respiratory
Semaphorins - metabolism
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Summary:Abstract Phenotypic changes in airway smooth muscle are integral to the pathophysiological changes that constitute asthma – namely inflammation, airway wall remodelling and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that the proliferative, secretory and contractile functions of airway smooth muscle are dysfunctional in asthma. These functions can be modulated by various mediators whose levels are altered in asthma, derived from inflammatory cells or produced by airway smooth muscle itself. In this review, we describe the emerging roles of the CXC chemokines (GROs, IP-10), Th17-derived cytokines (IL-17, IL-22) and semaphorins, as well as the influence of viral infection on airway smooth muscle function, with a view to identifying new opportunities for therapeutic intervention in asthma.
ISSN:1094-5539
1522-9629
DOI:10.1016/j.pupt.2012.06.011