The effect of hypoxia and exercise on heart rate variability, immune response, and orthostatic stress

Hypoxia with exercise is commonly used to enhance physiological adaptation in athletes, but may prolong recovery between training bouts. To investigate this, heart rate variability (HRV), systemic immune response, and response to an orthostatic challenge were measured following exercise in hypoxia a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports 2013-02, Vol.23 (1), p.e1-e8
Main Authors: Koelwyn, G. J., Wong, L. E., Kennedy, M. D., Eves, N. D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation, Physiological - physiology
Adult
Athletes
Biomarkers - blood
Blood Cell Count
Breath Tests
Cross-Over Studies
Exercise
Exercise - physiology
Exercise Test
Heart rate
Heart Rate - physiology
heart rate variability
Humans
Hypoxia
Hypoxia - blood
Hypoxia - immunology
Hypoxia - physiopathology
immune response
Immunity - physiology
Male
orthostatic challenge
Orthostatic Intolerance - etiology
Oximetry
Stress
Time Factors
Young Adult
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Summary:Hypoxia with exercise is commonly used to enhance physiological adaptation in athletes, but may prolong recovery between training bouts. To investigate this, heart rate variability (HRV), systemic immune response, and response to an orthostatic challenge were measured following exercise in hypoxia and air. Eleven trained men performed a 10‐km cycling time trial breathing hypoxia (16.5 ± 0.5% O2) or air. HRV and the heart rate response to an orthostatic challenge were measured for 3 days before and after each trial, while venous blood samples were collected pre‐, 0, 2, and 24 h post‐exercise. Hypoxia had no significant effect compared with air. Subgroup analysis of those who had a drop in oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2) > 10% between hypoxia and air compared with those who did not, demonstrated a significantly altered HRV response (△HFnu: −2.1 ± 0.9 vs 8.6 ± 9.3, △LFnu: 2.1 ± 1.0 vs −8.6 ± 9.4) at 24 h post‐exercise and increased circulating monocytes (1.3 ± 0.2 vs 0.8 ± 0.2 × 109/L) immediately post‐hypoxic exercise. Exercise and hypoxia did not change HRV or the systemic immune response to exercise. However, those who had a greater desaturation during hypoxic exercise had an attenuate recovery 24 h post‐exercise and may be more susceptible to accumulating fatigue with subsequent training bouts.
ISSN:0905-7188
1600-0838
DOI:10.1111/sms.12003