Changes in extreme daily rainfall for São Paulo, Brazil

Significant positive trends are found in the evolution of daily rainfall extremes in the city of São Paulo (Brazil) from 1933 to 2010. Climatic indices including ENSO, PDO, NAO and the sea surface temperature at the coast near São Paulo explain 85 % of the increasing frequency of extremes during the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Climatic change 2013-02, Vol.116 (3-4), p.705-722
Main Authors: Silva Dias, Maria A. F., Dias, Juliana, Carvalho, Leila M. V., Freitas, Edmilson D., Silva Dias, Pedro L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerosols
Air pollution
Atmospheric Sciences
Brazil
Cities
Climate change
Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts
Coastal environments
Coasts
Dry season
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Earth, ocean, space
El Nino
Environmental impact
Evolution
Exact sciences and technology
External geophysics
Meteorology
Metropolitan areas
Microphysics
Ocean-atmosphere interaction
Precipitation
Radiation
Rainfall
Rainfall measurement
Rainy season
Sea surface temperature
Seasons
Topography
Trends
Urban areas
Urban heat islands
Water in the atmosphere (humidity, clouds, evaporation, precipitation)
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Summary:Significant positive trends are found in the evolution of daily rainfall extremes in the city of São Paulo (Brazil) from 1933 to 2010. Climatic indices including ENSO, PDO, NAO and the sea surface temperature at the coast near São Paulo explain 85 % of the increasing frequency of extremes during the dry season. During the wet season the climatic indices and the local sea surface temperature explain a smaller fraction of the total variance when compared to the dry season indicating that other factors such as the growth of the urban heat island and the role of air pollution in cloud microphysics need to be taken into account to explain the observed trends over the almost eight decades.
ISSN:0165-0009
1573-1480
DOI:10.1007/s10584-012-0504-7