Helicopter Emergency Medical Services Crew Administration of Antibiotics for Open Fractures

Abstract This study had 3 major aims: (1) to ascertain the degree to which helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) administration of antibiotics (Abx) can streamline the time to Abx in open fracture patients, (2) to determine whether any clinical outcome improvements were associated with HEMS A...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Air medical journal 2013-03, Vol.32 (2), p.74-79
Main Authors: Thomas, Stephen H., MD, MPH, Arthur, Annette O., PharmD, Howard, Zoe, MD, Shear, Melissa L., BS, Kadzielski, John L., MD, Vrahas, Mark S., MD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Air Ambulances - manpower
Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use
Child
Child, Preschool
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Emergency
Emergency Medical Services - manpower
Emergency Medical Services - methods
Emergency Medical Services - standards
Female
Fractures, Open - drug therapy
Health administration
Humans
Infant
Internal Medicine
Male
Middle Aged
Outcome Assessment (Health Care)
Prospective Studies
Time Factors
Young Adult
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Summary:Abstract This study had 3 major aims: (1) to ascertain the degree to which helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) administration of antibiotics (Abx) can streamline the time to Abx in open fracture patients, (2) to determine whether any clinical outcome improvements were associated with HEMS Abx therapy, and (3) to calculate the cost-effectiveness of prehospital HEMS Abx. The design of the study was a prospective, nonrandomized, nonintervention, natural study of timing and clinical outcomes for patients with suspected open extremity fracture. There were 138 scene trauma cases transported by 8 participating HEMS programs from July 2009 to June 2010. The participating HEMS programs were both urban and rural. The diagnosis of an open fracture by the HEMS crews had an accuracy rate of 97.8% (95% confidence interval, 90.8%–98.4%). The time from the incident to Abx was 30 minutes shorter ( P = .0001) when Abx were administered by HEMS crews. There was no statistical significance ( P = 1.0) regarding the endpoint of infection or nonunion development in HEMS- versus hospital-administered Abx. In conclusion, the administration of Abx by HEMS crews to patients diagnosed with open extremity fractures is feasible, it may decrease the time to Abx by 30 minutes, and the effect magnitude (40.3% relative risk reduction) was promising.
ISSN:1067-991X
1532-6497
DOI:10.1016/j.amj.2012.06.007