Beneficial effects of Psidium guajava leaf extract on diabetic myocardium

• Published in: Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft für Toxikologische Pathologie 2013-01, Vol.65 (1-2), p.91-95
• Main Authors: Soman, Sowmya, Rajamanickam, Chellam, Rauf, Arun A., Indira, Madambath
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Advanced glycation end products; Animals; Biphenyl Compounds - chemistry; blood glucose; Blood Glucose - analysis; Cardiac isoform of α-2 macroglobulin; Cardiotonic Agents - isolation & purification; Cardiotonic Agents - pharmacology; Cardiotonic Agents - therapeutic use; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - pathology; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - metabolism; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - pathology; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - prevention & control; diabetic complications; dose response; ethyl acetate; Female; Free Radicals - chemistry; Fructosamine - blood; Glycated Hemoglobin A - analysis; glycation; Glycation End Products, Advanced - metabolism; glycohemoglobin; glycosylation; hypertrophy; Hypoglycemic Agents - isolation & purification; Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology; Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use; leaf extracts; leaves; liver; myocardium; Myocardium - metabolism; Myocardium - pathology; Picrates - chemistry; Plant Extracts - isolation & purification; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plant Extracts - therapeutic use; Plant Leaves - chemistry; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; Psidium - chemistry; Psidium guajava; Psidium guajava leaves; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; reducing sugars; Streptozocin - pharmacology; Streptozotocin; toxicity
• ISSN: 0940-2993; 1618-1433
• DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.06.005

Non enzymatic glycosylation (glycation) between reducing sugar and protein results in the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which is believed to play an important role in diabetes associated cardiovascular complications. Thus agents that inhibit the formation of AGEs are believed to have therapeutic potential against diabetic complications. In the present study we evaluated the antiglycative potential of ethyl acetate fraction of Psidium guajava leaves (PGEt) by administering the extract into streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Daily administration of the extract for a period of one month significantly decreased the blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin and fructosamine levels in a dose dependent manner. Evaluation of the toxicity markers like SGOT and SGPT revealed the non toxic nature of the extract. Apart from this we evaluated the presence of cardiac isoform of liver alpha 2 macroglobulin, which is a major protein associated with earlier stages of cardiac hypertrophy. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the level of this protein decreased significantly in extract treated groups compared to diabetic control. These findings support that the administration of PGEt extract may be beneficial for preventing cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes.