Two-Time-Scale Coordination Control for a Battery Energy Storage System to Mitigate Wind Power Fluctuations

• Published in: IEEE transactions on energy conversion 2013-03, Vol.28 (1), p.52-61
• Main Authors: Jiang, Quanyuan, Wang, Haijiao
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Battery energy storage system (BESS); Energy storage; first-order low-pass filter (FLF); fluctuation mitigation; Fluctuations; Mathematical model; Optimization; power fluctuation; Prediction algorithms; Wind farms; wind generation; Wind power generation
• ISSN: 0885-8969; 1558-0059
• DOI: 10.1109/TEC.2012.2226463

In this paper, a two-time-scale coordination control method to mitigate wind power fluctuations using a battery energy storage system (BESS) is proposed. Two-time-scale maximal power fluctuation restrictions (MPFRs) are set for the combined output of the wind farm and the BESS: the maximal fluctuation of the combined power in any 1- and 30-min time window must be kept within γ 1min % and γ 30min %, respectively, of the rated power of the wind farm. A flexible first-order low-pass filter (FLF) with an optimization of time constant T f is developed to limit the power fluctuation under restriction with smaller BESS capacity. Then, a coordination control method is developed on base of the FLF, which contains: 1) PSO-based time constant real-time optimizing algorithm; 2) remaining energy level feedback control; 3) two-time-scale coordination control strategy. Finally, an estimation of BESS capacity and power rating for a wind farm to achieve the MPFRs is presented, and the whole method is tested in a time-domain simulation system.