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Therapeutic efficacy of melatonin in reducing retinal damage in an experimental model of early type 2 diabetes in rats

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of acquired blindness in adults, mostly affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We have developed an experimental model of early T2DM in adult rats which mimics some features of human T2DM at its initial stages and provokes significant retinal altera...

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Published in:Journal of pineal research 2013-03, Vol.54 (2), p.179-189
Main Authors: Salido, Ezequiel M., Bordone, Melina, De Laurentiis, Andrea, Chianelli, Mónica, Keller Sarmiento, María Inés, Dorfman, Damián, Rosenstein, Ruth E.
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container_start_page 179
container_title Journal of pineal research
container_volume 54
creator Salido, Ezequiel M.
Bordone, Melina
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Rosenstein, Ruth E.
description Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of acquired blindness in adults, mostly affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We have developed an experimental model of early T2DM in adult rats which mimics some features of human T2DM at its initial stages and provokes significant retinal alterations. The aim of this work was to analyze the effect of melatonin on retinal changes induced by the moderate metabolic derangement. For this purpose, adult male Wistar rats received a control diet or 30% sucrose in the drinking water. Three weeks after this treatment, animals were injected with vehicle or streptozotocin (STZ, 25 mg/kg). One day or 3 wk after vehicle or STZ injection, animals were subcutaneously implanted with a pellet of melatonin. Fasting and postprandial glycemia, and glucose, and insulin tolerance tests were analyzed. At 12 wk of treatment, animals which received a sucrose‐enriched diet and STZ showed significant differences in metabolic tests, as compared with control groups. Melatonin, which did not affect glucose metabolism in control or diabetic rats, prevented the decrease in the electroretinogram a‐wave, b‐wave, and oscillatory potential amplitude, and the increase in retinal lipid peroxidation, NOS activity, TNFα, Müller cells glial fibrillary acidic protein, and vascular endothelial growth factor levels. In addition, melatonin prevented the decrease in retinal catalase activity. These results indicate that melatonin protected the retina from the alterations observed in an experimental model of DR associated with type 2 diabetes.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/jpi.12008
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source Wiley-Blackwell Read & Publish Collection
subjects Animals
Catalase - metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism
diabetic retinopathy
Diabetic Retinopathy - drug therapy
Diabetic Retinopathy - metabolism
Electroretinography
experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus
Glucose - metabolism
Immunohistochemistry
Male
melatonin
Melatonin - therapeutic use
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Thiobarbiturates - metabolism
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism
title Therapeutic efficacy of melatonin in reducing retinal damage in an experimental model of early type 2 diabetes in rats
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