Neuron-specific enolase and S100B protein in children with carbon monoxide poisoning: children are not just small adults

• Published in: The American journal of emergency medicine 2013-03, Vol.31 (3), p.524-528
• Main Authors: Akelma, Ahmet Zulfikar, MD, Celik, Aydin, MD, Ozdemir, Osman, MD, Kavak Akelma, Fatma, MD, Abaci, Ayhan, MD, Razi, Cem Hasan, MD, Kislal, Fatih Mehmet, MD, Akin, Okhan, MD, PhD
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Biomarkers - blood; Brain damage; Carbon monoxide poisoning; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning - blood; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning - diagnosis; Carboxyhemoglobin - metabolism; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Children; Children & youth; Coma; Emergency; Emergency medical care; Female; Gases; Glasgow Coma Scale; Hospitals; Humans; Hypoxia; Infant; Male; Nerve Growth Factors - blood; Pediatrics; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase - blood; Poisoning; Prospective Studies; Proteins; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; S100 Proteins - blood; Studies
• ISSN: 0735-6757; 1532-8171
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2012.10.009

Abstract Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of S100B protein and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in children with carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. Methods In this prospective, case-controlled study, children with CO poisoning were recruited. Patient demographics features and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) were recorded. Blood samples were collected from all children with CO poisoning at their admission to the hospital and at 3 and 6 hours after admission. Levels of NSE and S100B were measured. The control group consisted of age-matched healthy children. Results A total of 30 children with CO poisoning (mean age, 7.88 ± 3.75 years; 17 boys) and 30 healthy children (mean age, 8.16 ± 3.05 years; 7 boys) were enrolled in the study. Mean carboxyhemoglobin level (%) measured at admission was 30.05 ± 8.00. Serum NSE levels of the children with CO poisoning were significantly higher than those of children from the control group at 0 hour and also at 3 and 6 hours ( P < .001, P = .001, and P = .005, respectively). Serum S100B protein levels were similar between the 2 groups at 0 and 3 and 6 hours ( P > .05). Serum NSE levels of patients with CO poisoning demonstrated a negative correlation with the admission GCS scores. No correlation was found between GCS scores and S100B protein levels. Conclusion We have shown that NSE levels increase in CO-associated hypoxic brain damage in accordance with clinical findings. We have also found that, contrary to the studies conducted on adults, S100B protein levels do not increase in response to hypoxic brain damage.