Structure and properties of polypyrrole/bacterial cellulose nanocomposites

• Published in: Carbohydrate polymers 2013-04, Vol.94 (1), p.655-662
• Main Authors: Muller, Daliana, Rambo, Carlos R., Porto, Luismar. M., Schreiner, Wido H., Barra, Guilherme M.O.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Ammonium persulfate; Applied sciences; Bacterial cellulose; cellulose; Cellulose - chemistry; Cellulose - ultrastructure; coatings; Electric Conductivity; electrical conductivity; Exact sciences and technology; Exchange resins and membranes; ferric chloride; Forms of application and semi-finished materials; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Iron III chloride hexahydrate; mechanical properties; nanocomposites; Nanocomposites - chemistry; Nanocomposites - ultrastructure; nanofibers; nanoparticles; oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Photoelectron Spectroscopy; Polymer industry, paints, wood; Polymerization; polymers; Polymers - chemistry; Polypyrrole; Polysaccharides, Bacterial - chemistry; Polysaccharides, Bacterial - ultrastructure; Pyrroles - chemistry; reflectance; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Technology of polymers; Tensile Strength; thermal stability; Thermodynamics; Thermogravimetry; X-radiation; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
• ISSN: 0144-8617; 1879-1344
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.01.041

► Conducting nanocomposites based on bacterial cellulose/polypyrrole were obtained. ► The composites were prepared using ammonium persulfate or iron III hydrochloride. ► The morphology of composites prepared with two types of oxidant is different. ► The properties of composites were influenced by the oxidant used in the reaction. An electrically conducting composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) and polypyrrole (PPy) was prepared through in situ oxidative polymerization of pyrrole (Py) in the presence of BC membrane using ammonium persulfate (APS), as an oxidant. The electrical conductivity, morphology, mechanical properties and thermal stability of the composites obtained using APS (BC/PPy·APS) were evaluated and compared with BC/PPy composites prepared using as oxidant agent Iron III chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O). The morphology of the BC/PPy·APS composites is characterized by spherical conducting nanoparticles uniformly distributed on the BC nanofiber surface, while the composites produced with FeCl3·6H2O (BC/PPy·FeCl3) is composed of a continuous conducting polymer layer coating the BC-nanofibers. The electrical conductivity of BC/PPy·FeCl3 was 100-fold higher than that found for BC/PPy·APS composites. In order to understand the site-specific interaction between PPy and BC functional groups, both composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (attenuated total reflectance mode) spectroscopy attenuation reflectance (FTIR-ATR) and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS). The affinity between functional groups of PPy·FeCl3 and BC is higher than that found for BC/PPy·APS composite. In addition, the tensile properties were also influenced by the chemical affinity of both components in the polymer composites.