Regulation of the grapevine polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein encoding gene: expression pattern, induction profile and promoter analysis

• Published in: Journal of plant research 2013-03, Vol.126 (2), p.267-281
• Main Authors: Joubert, D. Albert, de Lorenzo, Giulia, Vivier, Melané A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Base Sequence; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Botrytis; Botrytis - genetics; Botrytis - metabolism; Flowers & plants; Fruit - drug effects; Fruit - genetics; Fruit - immunology; Fruit - microbiology; Gene expression; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Indoleacetic Acids - pharmacology; Life Sciences; Molecular Sequence Data; Nicotiana - drug effects; Nicotiana - genetics; Nicotiana - growth & development; Nicotiana - microbiology; Organ Specificity; Plant Biochemistry; Plant Diseases - microbiology; Plant Ecology; Plant Growth Regulators - pharmacology; Plant Leaves - drug effects; Plant Leaves - genetics; Plant Leaves - immunology; Plant Leaves - microbiology; Plant Physiology; Plant Proteins - genetics; Plant Proteins - metabolism; Plant Roots - drug effects; Plant Roots - genetics; Plant Roots - immunology; Plant Roots - microbiology; Plant Sciences; Plants, Genetically Modified; Polygalacturonase - antagonists & inhibitors; Promoter Regions, Genetic - genetics; Proteins; Regular Paper; Salicylic Acid - pharmacology; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Stress, Physiological; Transcriptional Activation; Trees; Vitaceae; Vitis - drug effects; Vitis - genetics; Vitis - immunology; Vitis - microbiology; Vitis vinifera
• ISSN: 0918-9440; 1618-0860
• DOI: 10.1007/s10265-012-0515-5

Regulation of defense in plants is a complex process mediated by various signaling pathways. Promoter analysis of defense-related genes is useful to understand these signaling pathways involved in regulation. To this end, the regulation of the polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein encoding gene from Vitis vinifera L. ( Vvpgip1 ) was analyzed with regard to expression pattern and induction profile as well as the promoter in terms of putative regulatory elements present, core promoter size and the start of transcription. Expression of Vvpgip1 is tissue-specific and developmentally regulated. Vvpgip1 expression was induced in response to auxin, salicylic acid and sugar treatment, wounding and pathogen infection. The start of transcription was mapped to 17 bp upstream of the ATG and the core promoter was mapped to the 137 bp upstream of the ATG. Fructose- and Botrytis responsiveness were identified in the region between positions –3.1 and –1.5 kb. The analyses showed induction in water when the leaves were submersed and this response and the response to wounding mapped to the region between positions –1.1 and –0.1 kb. In silico analyses revealed putative cis -acting elements in these areas that correspond well to the induction stimuli tested.