Toxicity of Industrially Relevant Chlorinated Organic Solvents In Vitro

The cytotoxic effects of 4 industrially important chlorinated organic solvents, dichloromethane (DCM), 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), and tetrachloroethylene (PERC) in vitro, were investigated. Jurkat T cells were exposed to the solvents individually for 72 hours and changes in r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of toxicology 2013-03, Vol.32 (2), p.136-145
Main Authors: McDermott, Catherine, Heffron, James J.A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetylcysteine - metabolism
Calcium - analysis
Caspase 3 - metabolism
Cell Proliferation - drug effects
Cells, Cultured
Chromatography, Gas
Ethylene Dichlorides - toxicity
Halogenation
Humans
Methylene Chloride - toxicity
Organic Chemicals - toxicity
Reactive Oxygen Species - analysis
Solvents - toxicity
Tetrachloroethylene - toxicity
Trichloroethanes - toxicity
Trichloroethylene - toxicity
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Summary:The cytotoxic effects of 4 industrially important chlorinated organic solvents, dichloromethane (DCM), 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), and tetrachloroethylene (PERC) in vitro, were investigated. Jurkat T cells were exposed to the solvents individually for 72 hours and changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, cell proliferation, intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]), and caspase-3 activity were measured. There was a concentration-dependent increase in the ROS formation and intracellular free [Ca2+] following exposure to each of the solvents. This was accompanied by a decrease in the cell proliferation. Solvent potency decreased in the following order: PERC > TCE > DCM > DCE. Caspase-3 activity was increased in a concentration-dependent manner by TCE and PERC but was not significantly altered by DCM or DCE. n-Acetyl-l-cysteine pretreatment showed that changes in the intracellular free [Ca2+] and caspase-3 activity were independent of ROS formation. However, increased ROS formation did play a causal role in the decreased cell proliferation observed.
ISSN:1091-5818
1092-874X
DOI:10.1177/1091581813482006