Effects on costs of frontline diagnostic evaluation in patients suspected of angina: coronary computed tomography angiography vs. conventional ischaemia testing

• Published in: European heart journal cardiovascular imaging 2013-05, Vol.14 (5), p.449-455
• Main Authors: Nielsen, Lene H, Olsen, Jens, Markenvard, John, Jensen, Jesper M, Nørgaard, Bjarne L
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Angina Pectoris - diagnosis; Angina Pectoris - economics; Angina Pectoris - therapy; Cohort Studies; Coronary Angiography - economics; Coronary Angiography - methods; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Exercise Test - economics; Exercise Test - methods; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Monitoring, Physiologic - methods; Prospective Studies; Time Factors; Tomography, X-Ray Computed - economics; Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods
• ISSN: 2047-2404; 2047-2412
• DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jes166

The aim of this study was to investigate in patients with stable angina the effects on costs of frontline diagnostics by exercise-stress testing (ex-test) vs. coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA). In two coronary units at Lillebaelt Hospital, Denmark, 498 patients were identified in whom either ex-test (n = 247) or CTA (n = 251) were applied as the frontline diagnostic strategy in symptomatic patients with a low-intermediate pre-test probability of coronary artery disease (CAD). During 12 months of follow-up, death, myocardial infarction and costs associated with downstream diagnostic utilization (DTU), treatment, ambulatory visits, and hospitalizations were registered. There was no difference between cohorts in demographic characteristics or the pre-test probability of significant CAD. The mean (SD) age was 56 (11) years; 52% were men; and 96% were at low-intermediate pre-test probability of CAD. All serious cardiac events (n = 3) during follow-up occurred in patients with a negative ex-test result. Mean costs per patient associated with DTU, ambulatory visits, and cardiovascular medication were significantly higher in the ex-test than in the CTA group. The mean (SD) total costs per patient at the end of the follow-up were 14% lower in the CTA group than in the ex-test group, € 1510 (3474) vs. €1777 (3746) (P = 0.03). Diagnostic assessment of symptomatic patients with a low-intermediate probability of CAD by CTA incurred lower costs when compared with the ex-test. These findings need confirmation in future prospective trials.