Anatomy and ultrastructure of dermal glands in an adult water mite, Teutonia cometes (Koch, 1837) (Acariformes: Hydrachnidia: Teutoniidae)

• Published in: Arthropod structure & development 2013-03, Vol.42 (2), p.115-125
• Main Author: Shatrov, Andrew B.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acari - anatomy & histology; Acari - ultrastructure; adults; Animals; Arthropoda; Dermal glands; epithelium; Female; Glandularia; Male; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Morphology; muscle fibers; rough endoplasmic reticulum; Russia; secretion; sensilla; Teutonia; Teutonia cometes; Teutoniidae; toluidine blue; ultrastructure; Water mites
• ISSN: 1467-8039; 1873-5495
• DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2012.10.006

Organization of dermal glands in adult water mites Teutonia cometes (Koch, 1837) was studied using light-optical, SEM and TEM methods for the first time. These glands are large and occur in a total number of ten pairs at the dorsal, ventral and lateral sides of the body. The slit-like external openings of the glands (glandularia) are provided with a cone-shaped sclerite, and are combined with a single small trichoid seta (hair sensillum), which is always situated slightly apart from the anterior aspect of the gland opening. Each gland is formed by an epithelium encompassing a very large lumen (central cavity) normally filled with secretion that stains in varying intensity on toluidine blue stained sections. The epithelium is composed of irregularly shaped secretory cells with an electron-dense cytoplasm and infolded basal portions. The cells possess a large irregularly shaped nucleus and are filled with tightly packed slightly dilated cisterns and vesicles of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) with electron lucent contents. Dense vesicles are also present in the apical cell zone. Some cells undergo dissolution, occupy an upper position within the epithelium and have a lighter cytoplasm with disorganized RER. Muscle fibers are regularly present in the deep folds of the basal cell portions and may serve to squeeze the gland and eject the secretion into the external milieu. The structure of these dermal glands is compared with the previously described idiosomal glands of the same species and a tentative correlation with the glandularia system of water mites is given. Possible functions of the dermal glands of T. cometes are discussed. ► The dermal glands in Teutonia cometes (Koch, 1837) occur in a number of ten pairs. ► The glands belong to one type and are formed by an epithelium encompassing a large lumen. ► The epithelium is composed of secretory cells with an electron-dense cytoplasm. ► The cells possess a large nucleus and are filled with tightly packed RER cisterns and vesicles. ► Some cells undergo dissolution. Muscle fibers are regularly present beneath the epithelium.