Genome mining reveals the evolutionary origin and biosynthetic potential of basidiomycete polyketide synthases

► We identified and annotated 114 polyketide synthase (PKS) genes from 35 sequenced basidiomycete genomes. ► The molecular phylogeny of PKS domains was inferred and interpreted from a combined phylogenetic and functional perspective. ► A complete PKS gene from Armillaria mellea was cloned and sequen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Fungal genetics and biology 2012-12, Vol.49 (12), p.996-1003
Main Authors: Lackner, Gerald, Misiek, Mathias, Braesel, Jana, Hoffmeister, Dirk
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Armillaria mellea
Ascomycota
Basidiomycetes
Basidiomycota - enzymology
Basidiomycota - genetics
Cloning, Molecular
Cluster Analysis
Computational Biology
DNA Primers - genetics
Evolution
Evolution, Molecular
Genome mining
Genome, Fungal
Molecular Sequence Data
Orsellinic acid
Phylogeny
Polyketide
Polyketide Synthases - genetics
Polyketide Synthases - isolation & purification
Secondary metabolism
Sequence Analysis, DNA
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Summary:► We identified and annotated 114 polyketide synthase (PKS) genes from 35 sequenced basidiomycete genomes. ► The molecular phylogeny of PKS domains was inferred and interpreted from a combined phylogenetic and functional perspective. ► A complete PKS gene from Armillaria mellea was cloned and sequenced. Numerous polyketides are known from bacteria, plants, and fungi. However, only a few have been isolated from basidiomycetes. Large scale genome sequencing projects now help anticipate the capacity of basidiomycetes to synthesize polyketides. In this study, we identified and annotated 111 type I and three type III polyketide synthase (PKS) genes from 35 sequenced basidiomycete genomes. Phylogenetic analysis of PKS genes suggests that all main types of fungal iterative PKS had already evolved before the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota diverged. A comparison of genomic and metabolomic data shows that the number of polyketide genes exceeds the number of known polyketide structures by far. Exploiting these results to design degenerate PCR primers, we amplified and cloned the complete sequence of armB, a PKS gene from the melleolide producer Armillaria mellea. We expect this study will serve as a guide for future genomic mining projects to discover structurally diverse mushroom-derived polyketides.
ISSN:1087-1845
1096-0937
DOI:10.1016/j.fgb.2012.09.009