Isolating Exogenous and Endogenous Modes of Temporal Attention

The differential allocation of information processing resources over time, here termed "temporal attention," may be achieved by relatively automatic "exogenous" or controlled "endogenous" mechanisms. Over 100 years of research has confounded these theoretically distinct...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of experimental psychology. General 2013-05, Vol.142 (2), p.560-572
Main Authors: Lawrence, Michael A, Klein, Raymond M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accuracy
Activity levels. Psychomotricity
Adult
Attention
Attention - physiology
Auditory Stimuli
Biological and medical sciences
Brain
Experimental psychology
Female
Foreign Countries
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Human
Humans
Information processing
Learning
Male
Nova Scotia
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Reaction Time
Reaction Time - physiology
Response time
Time
Time Perception - physiology
Vigilance. Attention. Sleep
Young Adults
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Summary:The differential allocation of information processing resources over time, here termed "temporal attention," may be achieved by relatively automatic "exogenous" or controlled "endogenous" mechanisms. Over 100 years of research has confounded these theoretically distinct dimensions of temporal attention. The current report seeks to ameliorate this oversight by novel application of 2 experimental methodologies. A scheme imported from the animal learning literature (Rescorla's "truly random control" procedure) was used to eliminate any temporal contingency between signals and targets. An auditory stimulus imported from the psychophysical literature (correlated vs. uncorrelated noise) was used to provide a salient signal that entailed no local or global change in intensity. Purely endogenous temporal attention (generated by a reliable signal-target contingency in the absence of a change in intensity) is characterized by robust improvements in speed and accuracy of responding. Purely exogenous temporal attention (generated by an intensity increase in the absence of contingency) is characterized by a brief period of faster responding. When exogenous temporal attention is elicited in the context of endogenous temporal attention, the decrease in response time that follows an intense signal is accompanied by a decrease in response accuracy. (Contains 1 table, 5 figures, and 17 footnotes.)
ISSN:0096-3445
1939-2222
DOI:10.1037/a0029023