Network analysis of the MVA and MEP pathways for isoprenoid synthesis

Isoprenoid biosynthesis is essential for all living organisms, and isoprenoids are also of industrial and agricultural interest. All isoprenoids are derived from prenyl diphosphate (prenyl-PP) precursors. Unlike isoprenoid biosynthesis in other living organisms, prenyl-PP, as the precursor of all is...

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Published in:Annual review of plant biology 2013-01, Vol.64 (1), p.665-700
Main Authors: Vranová, Eva, Coman, Diana, Gruissem, Wilhelm
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biosynthesis
Cytoplasm
Erythritol - analogs & derivatives
Erythritol - metabolism
Eukaryotes
Flowers & plants
Gene Regulatory Networks
Metabolic Networks and Pathways
Mevalonic Acid - metabolism
Molecules
Plants - metabolism
Plastids
Plastids - metabolism
Sugar Phosphates - metabolism
Terpenes - metabolism
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Summary:Isoprenoid biosynthesis is essential for all living organisms, and isoprenoids are also of industrial and agricultural interest. All isoprenoids are derived from prenyl diphosphate (prenyl-PP) precursors. Unlike isoprenoid biosynthesis in other living organisms, prenyl-PP, as the precursor of all isoprenoids in plants, is synthesized by two independent pathways: the mevalonate (MVA) pathway in the cytoplasm and the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway in plastids. This review focuses on progress in our understanding of how the precursors for isoprenoid biosynthesis are synthesized in the two subcellular compartments, how the underlying pathway gene networks are organized and regulated, and how network perturbations impact each pathway and plant development. Because of the wealth of data on isoprenoid biosynthesis, we emphasize research in Arabidopsis thaliana and compare the synthesis of isoprenoid precursor molecules in this model plant with their synthesis in other prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.
ISSN:1543-5008
1545-2123
DOI:10.1146/annurev-arplant-050312-120116