Tritium breeding control within liquid metal blankets

• Published in: Fusion engineering and design 2013-03, Vol.88 (3), p.107-112
• Main Authors: Morgan, L., Pasley, J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Control theory; Depletion; Design engineering; Fusion; Fusion reactors; Inventories; Licenses; Liquid metals; Neutronics; Proportional integral derivative; Stockpiling; Tritium; Tritium breeding
• ISSN: 0920-3796; 1873-7196
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2012.11.011

► A depletion code, FATI (automatic MCNP–FISPACT interface), has been equipped with a tritium breeding controller. ► The controller has stabilised the production of tritium for a spherically symmetric fusion reactor model blanket. ► The controller has stabilised the production of tritium for a spherically concentric fusion reactor model blanket. A key requirement for DEMO is the on-site breeding of tritium. In order to do this, a robust control system must be employed to ensure enough tritium is being bred to sustain the fusion reactor, whilst not breeding an amount which would exceed the plant's tritium inventory license. A tritium breeding method which is cost effective and reduces radioactive waste for disposal is that of the liquid metal breeder such as those based around LiPB and FLiBe. This paper focuses on the modeling of a simplified fusion reactor design with a LiPb blanket with linked radiation transport, nuclide burn-up and control theory. Two simple models were simulated using the FATI code which incorporated a PID (proportional integral derivative) controller that adjusted the Li6/Li7 ratio in order to increase/decrease tritium production based on the difference between the measured excess tritium inventory and the desired excess inventory. The modelling has initially demonstrated that a linear PID controller has the capability to manage tritium production within a LiPb liquid blanket.