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Changes in the main vegetation types of Chile predicted under climate change based on a preliminary study: Models, uncertainties and adapting research to a dynamic biodiversity world

Climate change effects on biodiversity occur at different level of organization (organisms, species and ecosystems). Vegetation type bears a close relationship with climate, such that global warming is ex-pected to alter the distribution of major vegetation types in the near future. Using a bioclima...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia (2003) 2012, Vol.40 (1), p.81-86
Main Authors: Pliscoff, Patricio, Arroyo, Mary T. K, Cavieres, Lohengrin
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Climate change effects on biodiversity occur at different level of organization (organisms, species and ecosystems). Vegetation type bears a close relationship with climate, such that global warming is ex-pected to alter the distribution of major vegetation types in the near future. Using a bioclimatic envelope modeling approach, the major vegetation types of Chile were modeled and projected using IPCC scenarios for year 2080. The results show transitions among vegetation types in relation to their current latitudinal and altitudinal distribution. Major changes include an upward shift of the alpine vegetation and southward expansion of absolute desert and desert scrub into the present area of sclerophyllous forest. Changes in the relative representation of different vegetation types in Chile's protected areas can be expected. The limitations of modeling exercises are discussed along with need for better scientific knowledge on key biological processes such as dispersal and pollination.Original Abstract: Los efectos del cambio climatico sobre la biodiversidad ocurren a diferentes niveles de organizacion (organismos, especies y ecosistemas). La vegetacion se encuentra relacionada directamente con el clima, por lo que se espera que el calentamiento global altere la distribucion de los tipos de vegetacion para el futuro cercano. Usando un enfoque de envoltura bioclimatica, los tipos de vegetacion de Chile fueron modelados y proyectados usando escenarios del IPCC para el ano 2080. Los resultados presentan diferentes transiciones entre los tipos de vegetacion, en relacion a su distribucion latitudinal y altitudinal actual. Entre los cambios principales, se identifica el avance altitudinal de la vegetacion alpina, la expansion hacia el sur del desierto absoluto y del matorral desertico sobre el bosque escleroflo. Se esperan cambios en la representacion relativa de las areas protegidas dentro de los diferentes tipos de vegetacion de Chile. Las limitaciones del ejercicio de modelacion son discutidas junto a la necesidad de mejorar el conocimiento cientifico sobre procesos biologicos claves como dispersion y polinizacion.
ISSN:0718-686X
0085-1922
0718-686X
DOI:10.4067/S0718-686X2012000100010