The ghrelin activating enzyme ghrelin-O-acyltransferase (GOAT) is present in human plasma and expressed dependent on body mass index

► GOAT was recently detected in the circulation of rodents. ► GOAT protein is also present in human plasma. ► GOAT levels are lower in anorexia and higher in obesity compared to normal weight. ► Plasma GOAT is positively correlated with BMI and negatively with ghrelin. ► The ghrelin activating enzym...

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Published in:Peptides (New York, N.Y. : 1980) N.Y. : 1980), 2013-05, Vol.43, p.13-19
Main Authors: Goebel-Stengel, Miriam, Hofmann, Tobias, Elbelt, Ulf, Teuffel, Pauline, Ahnis, Anne, Kobelt, Peter, Lambrecht, Nils W.G., Klapp, Burghard F., Stengel, Andreas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acylation
Acyltransferases - blood
Acyltransferases - metabolism
Anorexia
Body Mass Index
Circulation
correlation
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Female
food intake
Ghrelin
Ghrelin - metabolism
Hormone
Humans
Male
mice
Obesity
patients
Plasma
protein synthesis
rats
weight control
Western blotting
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Summary:► GOAT was recently detected in the circulation of rodents. ► GOAT protein is also present in human plasma. ► GOAT levels are lower in anorexia and higher in obesity compared to normal weight. ► Plasma GOAT is positively correlated with BMI and negatively with ghrelin. ► The ghrelin activating enzyme GOAT may play a role in anorexia and obesity. Ghrelin is the only known peripherally produced and centrally acting peptide hormone stimulating food intake. The acylation of ghrelin is essential for binding to its receptor. Recently, the ghrelin activating enzyme ghrelin-O-acyltransferase (GOAT) was identified in mice, rats and humans. In addition to gastric mucosal expression, GOAT was also detected in the circulation of rodents and its expression was dependent on metabolic status. We investigated whether GOAT is also present in human plasma and whether expression levels are affected under different conditions of body weight. Normal weight, anorexic and obese subjects with body mass index (BMI) 30–40, 40–50 and >50 were recruited (n=9/group). In overnight fasted subjects GOAT protein expression was assessed by Western blot and ghrelin measured by ELISA. GOAT protein was detectable in human plasma. Anorexic patients showed reduced GOAT protein levels (−42%, p50 had increased concentrations (+34%) compared to normal weight controls. Ghrelin levels were higher in anorexic patients compared to all other groups (+62–78%, p
ISSN:0196-9781
1873-5169
DOI:10.1016/j.peptides.2013.02.011