Electrodialysis—Contact Sludge Reactor and Reverse Osmosis—Phase Separator, two Examples of a Simple Process Combination for Increasing the Water Recovery Rate of Membrane Processes

Like other separation processes, membrane processes face limits with respect to concentration which can be exceeded only by a combination with other unit operations. The combination of membrane processes with thermal processes is very common, for example the combination of reverse osmosis and evapor...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Desalination 1989, Vol.72 (3), p.339-349
Main Authors: Rautenbach, R., Kopp, W., Herion, C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
aqueous-organic system
Chemistry
crystallizer
desorbate water
Electrochemistry
electrodialysis
Exact sciences and technology
General and physical chemistry
industrial effluent
pervaporation
phase separator
Photoelectrochemistry. Electrochemiluminescence
reverse osmosis
scaling
seeding
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Summary:Like other separation processes, membrane processes face limits with respect to concentration which can be exceeded only by a combination with other unit operations. The combination of membrane processes with thermal processes is very common, for example the combination of reverse osmosis and evaporation or pervaporation and distillation. In this paper, two cases are discussed where the limits of the individual membrane process with respect to retentate concentration or water recovery rate have been substantially extended by adding a relatively simple low-cost mechanical unit operation.
ISSN:0011-9164
1873-4464
DOI:10.1016/0011-9164(89)80016-5