Modification of cation-exchange properties of activated carbon by treatment with nitric acid

The uptake of inorganic cations by high-surface-area activated carbon can be increased by an order of magnitude by controlled exposure to high concentrations of nitric acid at elevated temperatures. Distribution coefficients of cations are also increased. Acid strength of the functional groups from...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Chromatography 1986, Vol.354, p.231-248
Main Authors: Johnson, James S., Westmoreland, C.Gary, Sweeton, Fred H., Kraus, Kurt A., Hagaman, Edward W., Eatherly, Walter P., Child, H.R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analytical chemistry
Chemistry
Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography
Exact sciences and technology
Other chromatographic methods
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Summary:The uptake of inorganic cations by high-surface-area activated carbon can be increased by an order of magnitude by controlled exposure to high concentrations of nitric acid at elevated temperatures. Distribution coefficients of cations are also increased. Acid strength of the functional groups from the nitric acid treatment is greater than those of the starting material. Surface area measurements and small- angel neutron scattering indicate that the increase in effective ion-exchange capacity is not accompanied by gross changes in the structure of the material. 13C NMR on solid samples suggests that the concentration of carboxyl and phenolic functional groups in the carbon is increased by the treatment.
ISSN:0021-9673
DOI:10.1016/S0021-9673(01)87025-4