Arabidopsis phospholipase D beta 1 modulates defense responses to bacterial and fungal pathogens

• Published in: The New phytologist 2013-07, Vol.199 (1), p.228-240
• Main Authors: Zhao, Jian, Devaiah, Shivakumar P, Wang, Cunxi, Li, Maoyin, Welti, Ruth, Wang, Xuemin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Arabidopsis; Gene expression
• ISSN: 0028-646X; 1469-8137
• DOI: 10.1111/nph.12256

Pathogen infection of higher plants often induces rapid production of phosphatidic acid (PA) and changes in lipid profiles, but the enzymatic basis and the function of the lipid change in pathogen-plant interactions are not well understood.Infection of phospholipase D beta 1 (PLD beta 1)-deficient plants by Pseudomonas syringae tomato pv DC3000 (Pst DC30000) resulted in less bacterial growth than in wild-type plants, and the effect was more profound in virulent Pst DC3000 than avirulent Pst DC3000 (carrying the avirulence gene avrRpt2) infection. The expression levels of salicylic acid (SA)-inducible genes were higher, but those inducible by jasmonic acid (JA) showed lower expression in PLD beta 1 mutants than in wild-type plants.However, PLD beta 1-deficient plants were more susceptible than wild-type plants to the fungus Botrytis cinerea. The PLD beta 1-deficient plants had lower levels of PA, JA and JA-related defense gene expression after B. cinerea inoculation.PLD beta 1 plays a positive role in pathogen-induced JA production and plant resistance to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen B. cinerea, but a negative role in the SA-dependent signaling pathway and plant tolerance to infection with biotrophic Pst DC3000. PLD beta 1 is responsible for most of the increase in PA production in response to necrotrophic B. cinerea and virulent Pst DC3000 infection, but contributes less to avirulent Pst DC3000 (avrRpt2)-induced PA production.