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Evaluation of Methods to Improve the Diagnosis of Systemic Inflammation in Alpacas
Background The stoic nature of alpacas and limitations of current diagnostic tests make early recognition of inflammatory diseases in this species challenging. Objectives In a model of mild systemic inflammation, this study evaluated the utility of different clinical and clinicopathologic variables...
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| Published in: | Journal of veterinary internal medicine 2013-07, Vol.27 (4), p.970-976 |
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| container_end_page | 976 |
| container_issue | 4 |
| container_start_page | 970 |
| container_title | Journal of veterinary internal medicine |
| container_volume | 27 |
| creator | Passler, T. Chamorro, M.F. Riddell, K.P. Edmondson, M.A. van Santen, E. Cray, C. Maxwell, H.S. Walz, P.H. |
| description | Background
The stoic nature of alpacas and limitations of current diagnostic tests make early recognition of inflammatory diseases in this species challenging.
Objectives
In a model of mild systemic inflammation, this study evaluated the utility of different clinical and clinicopathologic variables as accurate predictors of inflammation in alpacas.
Animals
Twelve clinically healthy alpacas were randomly assigned to equal‐sized treatment (TG) and control (CG) groups. After collection of initial blood samples (0 hour), lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 20 μg/kg/24 h) or saline was administered by SC osmotic mini‐pumps (OMP) for 96 hours. Additional blood samples were collected at 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, and 240 hours and differential leukocyte counts and concentrations of globulin, albumin, iron, haptoglobin, and serum amyloid A were measured.
Results
Mild swelling was observed at OMP implantation sites in both groups. Other clinical signs of systemic inflammation were not observed. Total leukocytes, neutrophils, albumin, and globulin concentrations were not significantly different between groups. Compared with CG‐alpacas, TG‐alpacas had fewer lymphocytes (P = .0322), more band neutrophils (P = .0087), and higher neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios (P = .0295) during the first 96 hours of the study. During LPS administration, serum iron concentrations were significantly decreased in TG‐alpacas (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/jvim.12102 |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_24P</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1400400192</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1400400192</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4312-41811f0dd5e649cd8ee9a0c52d319b64447ac7b238022720169f42f4ee67d1c23</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kMtOwzAQRS0EgvLY8AEoEhuEFPDYjpMsobxKKUg8l5brOOCSxCVOCv17XAIsWDAaaTbnXo0OQtuAD8DP4WRmygMggMkS6kFK0xB4zJdRDycphJwzvIbWnZtgTKIoilfRGqGcEx6RHro9ncmilY2xVWDzYKSbF5u5oLHBoJzWdqaD5kUHJ0Y-V9YZt2Du5q7RpVHBoMoLWZZd2FTBUTGVSrpNtJLLwumt77uBHs5O7_sX4dXN-aB_dBUqRoGEDBKAHGdZpDlLVZZonUqsIpJRSMecMRZLFY8JTTAhMcHA05yRnGnN4wwUoRtor-v1f7612jWiNE7popCVtq0TwDD2C-kC3f2DTmxbV_47QbF35RVB4qn9jlK1da7WuZjWppT1XAAWC9NiYVp8mfbwzndlOy519ov-qPUAdMC7KfT8nypx-TgY_ZSGXcZ4xR-_GVm_Ch7TOBJP1-fieDjsR3x0K4b0E9m7le0</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3067664018</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Evaluation of Methods to Improve the Diagnosis of Systemic Inflammation in Alpacas</title><source>Wiley Online Library Open Access</source><creator>Passler, T. ; Chamorro, M.F. ; Riddell, K.P. ; Edmondson, M.A. ; van Santen, E. ; Cray, C. ; Maxwell, H.S. ; Walz, P.H.</creator><creatorcontrib>Passler, T. ; Chamorro, M.F. ; Riddell, K.P. ; Edmondson, M.A. ; van Santen, E. ; Cray, C. ; Maxwell, H.S. ; Walz, P.H.</creatorcontrib><description>Background
The stoic nature of alpacas and limitations of current diagnostic tests make early recognition of inflammatory diseases in this species challenging.
Objectives
In a model of mild systemic inflammation, this study evaluated the utility of different clinical and clinicopathologic variables as accurate predictors of inflammation in alpacas.
Animals
Twelve clinically healthy alpacas were randomly assigned to equal‐sized treatment (TG) and control (CG) groups. After collection of initial blood samples (0 hour), lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 20 μg/kg/24 h) or saline was administered by SC osmotic mini‐pumps (OMP) for 96 hours. Additional blood samples were collected at 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, and 240 hours and differential leukocyte counts and concentrations of globulin, albumin, iron, haptoglobin, and serum amyloid A were measured.
Results
Mild swelling was observed at OMP implantation sites in both groups. Other clinical signs of systemic inflammation were not observed. Total leukocytes, neutrophils, albumin, and globulin concentrations were not significantly different between groups. Compared with CG‐alpacas, TG‐alpacas had fewer lymphocytes (P = .0322), more band neutrophils (P = .0087), and higher neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios (P = .0295) during the first 96 hours of the study. During LPS administration, serum iron concentrations were significantly decreased in TG‐alpacas (P < .0001). Haptoglobin concentrations of TG‐animals exceeded those of CG‐animals after removal of OMP (P = .0056). Serum amyloid A was not detectable in alpacas in this study.
Conclusion and Clinical Importance
These results indicated that neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios and serum iron concentrations are early indicators of inflammation in alpacas. Additional research is needed to evaluate the acute phase protein responses of alpacas.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0891-6640</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-1676</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12102</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23662652</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Acute phase proteins ; Acute-Phase Proteins - genetics ; Acute-Phase Proteins - metabolism ; Animals ; Blood Cell Count - veterinary ; Blood Chemical Analysis - veterinary ; Camelids ; Camelids, New World - blood ; Haptoglobin ; Inflammation ; Inflammation - blood ; Inflammation - diagnosis ; Inflammation - veterinary ; Internal medicine ; Iron - blood ; Lipopolysaccharides - toxicity ; Male ; New World camelid ; Osmotic mini-pump ; Plasma ; Proteins ; Serum amyloid A ; Serum iron concentration</subject><ispartof>Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2013-07, Vol.27 (4), p.970-976</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2013 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine</rights><rights>Copyright © 2013 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.</rights><rights>2013. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4312-41811f0dd5e649cd8ee9a0c52d319b64447ac7b238022720169f42f4ee67d1c23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4312-41811f0dd5e649cd8ee9a0c52d319b64447ac7b238022720169f42f4ee67d1c23</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fjvim.12102$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fjvim.12102$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,11562,27924,27925,46052,46476</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fjvim.12102$$EView_record_in_Wiley-Blackwell$$FView_record_in_$$GWiley-Blackwell</linktorsrc><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23662652$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Passler, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chamorro, M.F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Riddell, K.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Edmondson, M.A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Santen, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cray, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maxwell, H.S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walz, P.H.</creatorcontrib><title>Evaluation of Methods to Improve the Diagnosis of Systemic Inflammation in Alpacas</title><title>Journal of veterinary internal medicine</title><addtitle>J Vet Intern Med</addtitle><description>Background
The stoic nature of alpacas and limitations of current diagnostic tests make early recognition of inflammatory diseases in this species challenging.
Objectives
In a model of mild systemic inflammation, this study evaluated the utility of different clinical and clinicopathologic variables as accurate predictors of inflammation in alpacas.
Animals
Twelve clinically healthy alpacas were randomly assigned to equal‐sized treatment (TG) and control (CG) groups. After collection of initial blood samples (0 hour), lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 20 μg/kg/24 h) or saline was administered by SC osmotic mini‐pumps (OMP) for 96 hours. Additional blood samples were collected at 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, and 240 hours and differential leukocyte counts and concentrations of globulin, albumin, iron, haptoglobin, and serum amyloid A were measured.
Results
Mild swelling was observed at OMP implantation sites in both groups. Other clinical signs of systemic inflammation were not observed. Total leukocytes, neutrophils, albumin, and globulin concentrations were not significantly different between groups. Compared with CG‐alpacas, TG‐alpacas had fewer lymphocytes (P = .0322), more band neutrophils (P = .0087), and higher neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios (P = .0295) during the first 96 hours of the study. During LPS administration, serum iron concentrations were significantly decreased in TG‐alpacas (P < .0001). Haptoglobin concentrations of TG‐animals exceeded those of CG‐animals after removal of OMP (P = .0056). Serum amyloid A was not detectable in alpacas in this study.
Conclusion and Clinical Importance
These results indicated that neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios and serum iron concentrations are early indicators of inflammation in alpacas. Additional research is needed to evaluate the acute phase protein responses of alpacas.</description><subject>Acute phase proteins</subject><subject>Acute-Phase Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Acute-Phase Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Blood Cell Count - veterinary</subject><subject>Blood Chemical Analysis - veterinary</subject><subject>Camelids</subject><subject>Camelids, New World - blood</subject><subject>Haptoglobin</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Inflammation - blood</subject><subject>Inflammation - diagnosis</subject><subject>Inflammation - veterinary</subject><subject>Internal medicine</subject><subject>Iron - blood</subject><subject>Lipopolysaccharides - toxicity</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>New World camelid</subject><subject>Osmotic mini-pump</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Serum amyloid A</subject><subject>Serum iron concentration</subject><issn>0891-6640</issn><issn>1939-1676</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kMtOwzAQRS0EgvLY8AEoEhuEFPDYjpMsobxKKUg8l5brOOCSxCVOCv17XAIsWDAaaTbnXo0OQtuAD8DP4WRmygMggMkS6kFK0xB4zJdRDycphJwzvIbWnZtgTKIoilfRGqGcEx6RHro9ncmilY2xVWDzYKSbF5u5oLHBoJzWdqaD5kUHJ0Y-V9YZt2Du5q7RpVHBoMoLWZZd2FTBUTGVSrpNtJLLwumt77uBHs5O7_sX4dXN-aB_dBUqRoGEDBKAHGdZpDlLVZZonUqsIpJRSMecMRZLFY8JTTAhMcHA05yRnGnN4wwUoRtor-v1f7612jWiNE7popCVtq0TwDD2C-kC3f2DTmxbV_47QbF35RVB4qn9jlK1da7WuZjWppT1XAAWC9NiYVp8mfbwzndlOy519ov-qPUAdMC7KfT8nypx-TgY_ZSGXcZ4xR-_GVm_Ch7TOBJP1-fieDjsR3x0K4b0E9m7le0</recordid><startdate>201307</startdate><enddate>201307</enddate><creator>Passler, T.</creator><creator>Chamorro, M.F.</creator><creator>Riddell, K.P.</creator><creator>Edmondson, M.A.</creator><creator>van Santen, E.</creator><creator>Cray, C.</creator><creator>Maxwell, H.S.</creator><creator>Walz, P.H.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201307</creationdate><title>Evaluation of Methods to Improve the Diagnosis of Systemic Inflammation in Alpacas</title><author>Passler, T. ; Chamorro, M.F. ; Riddell, K.P. ; Edmondson, M.A. ; van Santen, E. ; Cray, C. ; Maxwell, H.S. ; Walz, P.H.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4312-41811f0dd5e649cd8ee9a0c52d319b64447ac7b238022720169f42f4ee67d1c23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Acute phase proteins</topic><topic>Acute-Phase Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>Acute-Phase Proteins - metabolism</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Blood Cell Count - veterinary</topic><topic>Blood Chemical Analysis - veterinary</topic><topic>Camelids</topic><topic>Camelids, New World - blood</topic><topic>Haptoglobin</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Inflammation - blood</topic><topic>Inflammation - diagnosis</topic><topic>Inflammation - veterinary</topic><topic>Internal medicine</topic><topic>Iron - blood</topic><topic>Lipopolysaccharides - toxicity</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>New World camelid</topic><topic>Osmotic mini-pump</topic><topic>Plasma</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Serum amyloid A</topic><topic>Serum iron concentration</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Passler, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chamorro, M.F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Riddell, K.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Edmondson, M.A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Santen, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cray, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maxwell, H.S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walz, P.H.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of veterinary internal medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Passler, T.</au><au>Chamorro, M.F.</au><au>Riddell, K.P.</au><au>Edmondson, M.A.</au><au>van Santen, E.</au><au>Cray, C.</au><au>Maxwell, H.S.</au><au>Walz, P.H.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evaluation of Methods to Improve the Diagnosis of Systemic Inflammation in Alpacas</atitle><jtitle>Journal of veterinary internal medicine</jtitle><addtitle>J Vet Intern Med</addtitle><date>2013-07</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>970</spage><epage>976</epage><pages>970-976</pages><issn>0891-6640</issn><eissn>1939-1676</eissn><abstract>Background
The stoic nature of alpacas and limitations of current diagnostic tests make early recognition of inflammatory diseases in this species challenging.
Objectives
In a model of mild systemic inflammation, this study evaluated the utility of different clinical and clinicopathologic variables as accurate predictors of inflammation in alpacas.
Animals
Twelve clinically healthy alpacas were randomly assigned to equal‐sized treatment (TG) and control (CG) groups. After collection of initial blood samples (0 hour), lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 20 μg/kg/24 h) or saline was administered by SC osmotic mini‐pumps (OMP) for 96 hours. Additional blood samples were collected at 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, and 240 hours and differential leukocyte counts and concentrations of globulin, albumin, iron, haptoglobin, and serum amyloid A were measured.
Results
Mild swelling was observed at OMP implantation sites in both groups. Other clinical signs of systemic inflammation were not observed. Total leukocytes, neutrophils, albumin, and globulin concentrations were not significantly different between groups. Compared with CG‐alpacas, TG‐alpacas had fewer lymphocytes (P = .0322), more band neutrophils (P = .0087), and higher neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios (P = .0295) during the first 96 hours of the study. During LPS administration, serum iron concentrations were significantly decreased in TG‐alpacas (P < .0001). Haptoglobin concentrations of TG‐animals exceeded those of CG‐animals after removal of OMP (P = .0056). Serum amyloid A was not detectable in alpacas in this study.
Conclusion and Clinical Importance
These results indicated that neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios and serum iron concentrations are early indicators of inflammation in alpacas. Additional research is needed to evaluate the acute phase protein responses of alpacas.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>23662652</pmid><doi>10.1111/jvim.12102</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2013-07, Vol.27 (4), p.970-976 |
| issn | 0891-6640 1939-1676 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Wiley Online Library Open Access |
| subjects | Acute phase proteins Acute-Phase Proteins - genetics Acute-Phase Proteins - metabolism Animals Blood Cell Count - veterinary Blood Chemical Analysis - veterinary Camelids Camelids, New World - blood Haptoglobin Inflammation Inflammation - blood Inflammation - diagnosis Inflammation - veterinary Internal medicine Iron - blood Lipopolysaccharides - toxicity Male New World camelid Osmotic mini-pump Plasma Proteins Serum amyloid A Serum iron concentration |
| title | Evaluation of Methods to Improve the Diagnosis of Systemic Inflammation in Alpacas |
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