The mycorrhizae of pioneer species in disturbed ecosystems in western Pennsylvania [Solidago-Aster]

Study plots with ten types of disturbances were established in a Solidago-Aster community in western Pennsylvania. One year after disturbance, 93% of all species had vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) and accounted for 92% of all plant cover. After 3 yr, 96% of the species had VAM and 96% canopy...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of botany 1984-07, Vol.71 (6), p.787-794
Main Author: Medve, Richard J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Animal and plant ecology
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Biological and medical sciences
Corn
Economic plant physiology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Infections
Mosses
Mycorrhizae
Mycorrhizas
Pioneer species
Plant roots
Plants
Special Papers
Symbiosis (nodules, symbiotic nitrogen fixation, mycorrhiza...)
Synecology
Terrestrial ecosystems
Topsoil
Vegetation canopies
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Summary:Study plots with ten types of disturbances were established in a Solidago-Aster community in western Pennsylvania. One year after disturbance, 93% of all species had vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) and accounted for 92% of all plant cover. After 3 yr, 96% of the species had VAM and 96% canopy coverage. An adjacent 10-yr Solidago-Aster community had 100% VAM species. The VAM annuals, Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Setaria glauca, were major first year dominants while VAM perennials, Agropyron repens, Solidago canadensis, and Aster ericoides, dominated at 3 yr. The mean percent mycorrhizae of all dominants at 1 yr was 39% and 34% at 3 yr. Four disturbed sites had 100% VAM colonization after 1 yr and six sites after 3 yr. Severe physical disturbances (topsoil removed and topsoil-subsoil removed) resulted in complete colonization by VAM species and mean mycorrhizal infections of more than 75%. The plowed-disked-prometone and plowed-disked-vapam disturbances resulted in low levels of mycorrhizae after 3 yr. The plowed-disked-atrazine plot showed an initial severe decrease in percentage of mycorrhizae, but doubled its infection rate by 3 yr. Three non-mycorrhizal species (Chenopodium album, Rumex acetosella, and Polygonus persicaria) were observed during the 3-yr period. C. album was the major dominant after 1 yr in the plowed-disked-fertilized site and R. acetosella a dominant in the plowed-disked-prometone plot.
ISSN:0002-9122
1537-2197
DOI:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1984.tb14143.x