Internalized stigma and intimate relations in bipolar and schizophrenic patients: A comparative study

• Published in: Comprehensive psychiatry 2013-08, Vol.54 (6), p.665-672
• Main Authors: Sarısoy, Gökhan, Kaçar, Ömer Faruk, Pazvantoğlu, Ozan, Korkmaz, Işıl Zabun, Öztürk, Arif, Akkaya, Derya, Yılmaz, Sercan, Böke, Ömer, Sahin, Ahmet Rifat
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Adult and adolescent clinical studies; Biological and medical sciences; Bipolar disorder; Bipolar Disorder - psychology; Bipolar disorders; Female; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Male; Medical sciences; Mental disorders; Middle Aged; Mood disorders; Personal Satisfaction; Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychopathology. Psychiatry; Psychoses; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Self Concept; Self esteem; Social Stigma; Surveys and Questionnaires
• ISSN: 0010-440X; 1532-8384
• DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.02.002

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to determine characteristics of internalized stigma and intimate relations in bipolar and schizophrenia patients and to compare characteristics of intimate relations in bipolar and schizophrenia patients with or without internalized stigma. Method A total of 228 volunteers were included, 119 patients with bipolar disorder and 109 with schizophrenia. Schizophrenic and bipolar disorder patients were compared in terms of internalized stigma and intimate relations characteristics. Bipolar and schizophrenia patients with and without internalized stigma were compared in terms of characteristics of intimate relations. Results Internalized stigma was determined in one in three schizophrenia and one in five bipolar patients. Stigma resistance and relational esteem in intimate relations scores were higher in bipolar patients. Relational anxiety/fear of relationship, relational monitoring and external relational control scores were higher in schizophrenia patients with internalized stigma compared to those without, while their relational satisfaction, relational esteem and relational assertiveness scores were lower. Relational anxiety/fear of relationship and relational monitoring scores were higher in bipolar patients with internalized stigma compared to those without, while their relational satisfaction scores were lower. Conclusion Internalized stigma in schizophrenia patients is a well-known subject that has been investigated previously. The results of our study are significant in terms of showing that internalized stigma is also frequent in bipolar disorder patients, and not solely in schizophrenia patients. Stigma resistance is higher in bipolar disorder patients. Internalized stigma is correlated with intimate relations in both bipolar and schizophrenia patients.