Nature of DNA repair synthesis resistant to inhibitors of polymerase .alpha. in human cells

Arabinocytidine and aphidicolin are inhibitors of alpha-DNA polymerase that have been shown to affect both normal DNA replication and repair synthesis in mammalian cells. In contradiction to the prevalent hypothesis that these inhibitors merely slow the polymerization rate at incision sites near les...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biochemistry (Easton) 1984-03, Vol.23 (7), p.1383-1391
Main Authors: Smith, Charles Allen, Okumoto, Diane S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aphidicolin
Biological and medical sciences
Cell Division - drug effects
Cells, Cultured
Cytarabine - pharmacology
Diterpenes - pharmacology
DNA Polymerase II - antagonists & inhibitors
DNA Repair - drug effects
Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Kinetics
Molecular and cellular biology
Molecular genetics
Molecular Weight
Mutagenesis. Repair
Ultraviolet Rays
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Summary:Arabinocytidine and aphidicolin are inhibitors of alpha-DNA polymerase that have been shown to affect both normal DNA replication and repair synthesis in mammalian cells. In contradiction to the prevalent hypothesis that these inhibitors merely slow the polymerization rate at incision sites near lesions, our results suggest that the repair synthesis resistant to inhibitors is mediated by a separate pathway. Repair synthesis in contact-inhibited human cells following UV irradiation was inhibited 75-80% by arabinocytidine or aphidicolin, and most of the repair patches were not ligated into parental DNA, as judged by an enzymatic assay. However, the patches were not demonstrably shorter than those in untreated cells. Even following low-UV doses at which no inhibition of repair synthesis by the inhibitors was observed, a majority of the patches were not ligated. DNA polymerase beta is implicated in this alternate pathway, both by the known specificity of the inhibitors and by evidence from their sensitivity to S1 nuclease that the patches arise from displacement synthesis. The unligated patches are not degraded in vivo and eventually become ligated into parental DNA, very slowly in the presence of inhibitors but much more rapidly following their removal. Thus, under conditions of alpha-polymerase inhibition, a limited number of normal length repair patches are made, apparently by displacement synthesis, leaving displaced strands that remain substantially undegraded.
ISSN:0006-2960
1520-4995
DOI:10.1021/bi00302a008