Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced dysfunction of blood–brain barrier

• Published in: Archives of pharmacal research 2013-09, Vol.36 (9), p.1149-1159
• Main Authors: Seok, Sun Mi, Kim, Jae Mi, Park, Tae Yeop, Baik, Eun Joo, Lee, Soo Hwan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes - cytology; Astrocytes - drug effects; Astrocytes - metabolism; Blood-Brain Barrier - cytology; Blood-Brain Barrier - drug effects; Blood-Brain Barrier - metabolism; Cell Line; Cell Membrane Permeability - drug effects; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex - blood supply; Cerebral Cortex - cytology; Cerebral Cortex - drug effects; Cerebral Cortex - metabolism; Coculture Techniques; Endothelium, Vascular - cytology; Endothelium, Vascular - drug effects; Endothelium, Vascular - metabolism; Fructosediphosphates - pharmacology; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells - cytology; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells - drug effects; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells - metabolism; Humans; Lipopolysaccharides - antagonists & inhibitors; Lipopolysaccharides - toxicity; Medicine; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Pharmacy; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species - antagonists & inhibitors; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Research Article; Tight Junction Proteins - metabolism; Tight Junctions - drug effects; Tight Junctions - metabolism
• ISSN: 0253-6269; 1976-3786
• DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0129-z

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP), a glycolytic intermediate, has neuroprotective effects in various brain injury models. However, its effects on blood–brain barrier (BBB) are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of FBP on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BBB dysfunction in in vitro BBB model comprising co-culture of mouse brain endothelial cell line, bEnd.3 and mouse primary astrocyte and explored its action mechanism therein involved. LPS induced the impairment of endothelial permeability and transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER). The functional changes were confirmed by alterations in immunostaining for junctional proteins occludin, ZO-1 and VE-cadherin, such as the loss of cortical staining pattern and appearance of intercellular gaps in endothelial cells. Co-administration of FBP alleviated the deleterious effects of LPS on BBB permeability and TEER in a dose dependent manner. And also FBP inhibited the LPS-induced changes in the distribution of endothelial junctional proteins, resulting in the better preservation of monolayer integrity. FBP suppressed the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) but did not affect cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E 2 production in endothelial cells stimulated with LPS. Taken together, these data suggest that FBP could ameliorate LPS-induced BBB dysfunction through the maintenance of junctional integrity, which might be mediated by downregulation of ROS production.