Lost in translation: endoplasmic reticulum stress and the decline of β-cell health in diabetes mellitus

Emerging data illustrate a pivotal role for activation of β‐cell endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways in diabetes pathophysiology. The purpose of this review is to appraise the evidence for β‐cell ER stress in human type 1 and 2 diabetes, review the molecular signalling pathways involved in th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Diabetes, obesity & metabolism obesity & metabolism, 2013-09, Vol.15 (s3), p.159-169
Main Authors: Evans-Molina, C., Hatanaka, M., Mirmira, R. G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus - etiology
Diabetes Mellitus - physiopathology
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - physiology
ER stress
Humans
Insulin-Secreting Cells - physiology
islet
mRNA translation
polyribosome
Protein Biosynthesis - physiology
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
Unfolded Protein Response - genetics
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Summary:Emerging data illustrate a pivotal role for activation of β‐cell endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways in diabetes pathophysiology. The purpose of this review is to appraise the evidence for β‐cell ER stress in human type 1 and 2 diabetes, review the molecular signalling pathways involved in the unfolded protein response and ER stress signalling, and to provide data from polyribosome profiling to illustrate the impact of ER stress on the mRNA translation response. Finally, we will discuss existing and novel therapeutic strategies that target β‐cell ER stress and discuss their use in rodent and human type 1 and 2 diabetes.
ISSN:1462-8902
1463-1326
DOI:10.1111/dom.12163