Meat intake, cooking methods and risk of proximal colon, distal colon and rectal cancer: The Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) cohort study

Red and processed meat intake is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), but epidemiological evidence by subsite and sex is still limited. In the population‐based Norwegian Women and Cancer cohort, we examined associations of meat intake with incident proximal colon, distal colon and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of cancer 2013-09, Vol.133 (5), p.1153-1163
Main Authors: Parr, Christine L., Hjartåker, Anette, Lund, Eiliv, Veierød, Marit B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Biological and medical sciences
Cancer
Cohort Studies
cohort study
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal Neoplasms - etiology
Confidence intervals
Cooking
Diet
Feeding Behavior
Female
Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen
Humans
measurement error
Meat
Meat - adverse effects
meat cooking
Medical research
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Multiple tumors. Solid tumors. Tumors in childhood (general aspects)
Risk Factors
Stomach. Duodenum. Small intestine. Colon. Rectum. Anus
Surveys and Questionnaires
Tumors
Womens health
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Summary:Red and processed meat intake is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), but epidemiological evidence by subsite and sex is still limited. In the population‐based Norwegian Women and Cancer cohort, we examined associations of meat intake with incident proximal colon, distal colon and rectal cancer, in 84,538 women who completed a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) during 1996–1998 or 2003–2005 (baseline or exposure update) at age 41–70 years, with follow‐up by register linkages through 2009. We also examined the effect of meat cooking methods in a subsample (n = 43,636). Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated by Cox regression. There were 459 colon (242 proximal and 167 distal), and 215 rectal cancer cases with follow‐up ≥ 1 (median 11.1) year. Processed meat intake ≥60 vs.
ISSN:0020-7136
1097-0215
DOI:10.1002/ijc.28101