Detection of a transient mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy in the progeny of crossed genetically divergent isolates of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Nonself fusion and nuclear genetic exchange have been documented in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), particularly in Rhizophagus irregularis. However, mitochondrial transmission accompanying nonself fusion of genetically divergent isolates remains unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that mito...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The New phytologist 2013-10, Vol.200 (1), p.211-221
Main Authors: Providencia, Ivan Enrique, Nadimi, Maryam, Beaudet, Denis, Rodriguez Morales, Gabriela, Hijri, Mohamed
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
anastomosis
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)
Arbuscular mycorrhizas
Crosses, Genetic
Cytoplasm
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA, Mitochondrial
Fungal spores
Fungi
Genetic crosses
Genomes
Genotype
Genotyping
Glomeromycota - genetics
Haplotypes
Heteroplasmy
Hyphae
Markers
Mitochondrial DNA
mitochondrial genome
Mycelium
Mycorrhizae - genetics
Mycorrhizal fungi
nonself fusion
Nuclear fusion
Offspring
Polymerase chain reaction
Progeny
Rhizophagus
specific molecular marker
Spores
Spores, Fungal - genetics
Symbionts
Symbiosis
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Summary:Nonself fusion and nuclear genetic exchange have been documented in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), particularly in Rhizophagus irregularis. However, mitochondrial transmission accompanying nonself fusion of genetically divergent isolates remains unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) heteroplasmy occurs in the progeny of spores, obtained by crossing genetically divergent mtDNAs in R. irregularis isolates. Three isolates of geographically distant locations were used to investigate nonself fusions and mtDNA transmission to the progeny. We sequenced two additional mtDNAs of two R. irregularis isolates and developed isolate-specific size-variable markers in intergenic regions of these isolates and those of DAOM-197198. We achieved three crossing combinations in pre-symbiotic and symbiotic phases. Progeny spores per crossing combination were genotyped using isolate-specific markers. We found evidence that nonself recognition occurs between isolates originating from different continents both in pre-symbiotic and symbiotic phases. Genotyping patterns of individual spores from the progeny clearly showed the presence of markers of the two parental mtDNA haplotypes. Our results demonstrate that mtDNA heteroplasmy occurs in the progeny of the crossed isolates. However, this heteroplasmy appears to be a transient stage because all the live progeny spores that were able to germinate showed only one mtDNA haplotype.
ISSN:0028-646X
1469-8137
DOI:10.1111/nph.12372