Neural stem cells-trends and advances

For many years, accepted dogma held that brain is a static organ with no possibility of regeneration of cells in injured or diseased human brain. However, recent preclinical reports have shown regenerative potential of neural stem cells using various injury models. This has resulted in renewed hope...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of cellular biochemistry 2013-04, Vol.114 (4), p.764-772
Main Authors: English, Denis, Sharma, Neel K., Sharma, Kaushal, Anand, Akshay
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
BIOTHERAPEUTICS
Brain - metabolism
Brain - pathology
Brain - physiology
Cell Differentiation
Cell Transdifferentiation
Humans
MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS
NEURAL STEM CELLS
Neural Stem Cells - cytology
Neural Stem Cells - metabolism
NEUROGENESIS
REGENERATION
Retina - injuries
Retina - metabolism
Retina - pathology
Retinal Neurons - cytology
Retinal Neurons - metabolism
Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells - metabolism
Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells - transplantation
Stem Cell Transplantation
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - genetics
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - metabolism
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Summary:For many years, accepted dogma held that brain is a static organ with no possibility of regeneration of cells in injured or diseased human brain. However, recent preclinical reports have shown regenerative potential of neural stem cells using various injury models. This has resulted in renewed hope for those suffering from spinal cord injury and neural damage. As the potential of stem cell therapy gained impact, these claims, in particular, led to widespread enthusiasm that acute and chronic injury of the nervous system would soon be a problem of the past. The devastation caused by injury or diseases of the brain and spinal cord led to wide premature acceptance that “neural stem cells (NSCs)” derived from embryonic, fetal or adult sources would soon be effective in reversing neural and spinal trauma. However, neural therapy with stem cells has not been realized to its fullest extent. Although, discrete population of regenerative stem cells seems to be present in specific areas of human brain, the function of these cells is unclear. However, similar cells in animals seem to play important role in postnatal growth as well as recovery of neural tissue from injury, anoxia, or disease. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 764–772, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ISSN:0730-2312
1097-4644
DOI:10.1002/jcb.24436