Phylogenetic analysis of rubella virus strains during an outbreak in São Paulo, 2007-2008

Rubella virus (RV) is an important human pathogen that causes rubella, an acute contagious disease. It also causes severe birth defects collectively known as congenital rubella syndrome when infection occurs during the first trimester of pregnancy. Here, we present the phylogenetic analysis of RV th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of medical virology 2012-10, Vol.84 (10), p.1666-1671
Main Authors: Figueiredo, C.A., Oliveira, M.I., Curti, S.P., Afonso, A.M.S., Frugi Yu, A.L., Gualberto, F., Durigon, E.L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
Brazil - epidemiology
Cell culture
Child, Preschool
Cluster Analysis
congenital rubella syndrome
Epidemiology
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genotype
Genotype & phenotype
Human viral diseases
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Infectious diseases
Male
Medical sciences
Microbiology
Middle Aged
Miscellaneous
Molecular Epidemiology
Molecular Sequence Data
Pathogenesis
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
RT-PCR
Rubella - epidemiology
Rubella - virology
Rubella virus
Rubella virus - classification
Rubella virus - genetics
Rubella virus - isolation & purification
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Viral diseases
Virology
Virus Cultivation
virus isolation
Young Adult
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Summary:Rubella virus (RV) is an important human pathogen that causes rubella, an acute contagious disease. It also causes severe birth defects collectively known as congenital rubella syndrome when infection occurs during the first trimester of pregnancy. Here, we present the phylogenetic analysis of RV that circulated in São Paulo during the 2007–2008 outbreak. Samples collected from patients diagnosed with rubella were isolated in cell culture and sequenced. RV RNA was obtained from samples or RV‐infected cell cultures and amplified by reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction. Sequences were assigned to genotypes by phylogenetic analysis using RV reference sequences. Seventeen sequences were analyzed, and three genotypes were identified: 1a, 1G, and 2B. Genotypes 1a and 1G, which were isolated in 2007, were responsible for sporadic rubella cases in São Paulo. Thereafter, in late 2007, the epidemiological conditions changed, resulting in a large RV outbreak with the clear dominance of genotype 2B. The results of this study provide new approaches for monitoring the progress of elimination of rubella from São Paulo, Brazil. J. Med. Virol. 84:1666–1671, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ISSN:0146-6615
1096-9071
DOI:10.1002/jmv.23382