Contamination of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in breast milk in Korea: Time-course variation, influencing factors, and exposure assessment

•The levels of PCBs and OCPs in breast milk significantly increased within the first month of lactation.•Seafood and noodle consumption was associated with the concentrations of PCBs and OCPs in breast milk.•OC exposure to breast-fed infants was below the thresholds proposed by US EPA and Health Can...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemosphere (Oxford) 2013-11, Vol.93 (8), p.1578-1585
Main Authors: Lee, Sunggyu, Kim, Sunmi, Lee, Hyun-Kyung, Lee, In-Seok, Park, Jeongim, Kim, Hai-Joong, Lee, Jeong Jae, Choi, Gyuyeon, Choi, Sooran, Kim, Sungjoo, Kim, Su Young, Choi, Kyungho, Kim, Sungkyoon, Moon, Hyo-Bang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Analysis. Health state
average daily intake
Biological and medical sciences
body mass index
breast milk
Chlordane
cities
Delivery. Postpartum. Lactation
Diet - statistics & numerical data
eating habits
Environmental Monitoring
Environmental Pollutants - metabolism
Environmental Protection Agency
Epidemiology
Estimated daily intake
Female
General aspects
Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics
Health risk
Humans
Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated - metabolism
infants
Koreans
Lactation
Maternal Exposure - statistics & numerical data
Maternal, fetal and perinatal monitoring
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Milk, Human - metabolism
noodles
organochlorine pesticides
Pesticides - metabolism
polychlorinated biphenyls
Polychlorinated Biphenyls - metabolism
Pregnancy
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Republic of Korea
risk
seafoods
Threshold value
Young Adult
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Summary:•The levels of PCBs and OCPs in breast milk significantly increased within the first month of lactation.•Seafood and noodle consumption was associated with the concentrations of PCBs and OCPs in breast milk.•OC exposure to breast-fed infants was below the thresholds proposed by US EPA and Health Canada.•Chlordane has a potential health risk to Korean infants via breast milk.•This is the first comprehensive study to assess infant exposure to OCs via breast milk in Korea. Breast milk is a noninvasive specimen to assess maternal and infant exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). In this study, 206 breast milk samples were collected from 87 participants during lactation, at
ISSN:0045-6535
1879-1298
DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.08.011