An Autologous Platelet‐Rich Plasma Stimulates Periodontal Ligament Regeneration

• Published in: Journal of periodontology (1970) 2013-11, Vol.84 (11), p.1556-1566
• Main Authors: Anitua, Eduardo, Troya, María, Orive, Gorka
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Angiogenesis Inhibitors - analysis; Autografts - physiology; Cell Adhesion - drug effects; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Movement - drug effects; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Collagen Type I - analysis; Collagen Type I - drug effects; Connective Tissue Growth Factor - analysis; Connective Tissue Growth Factor - drug effects; Dentistry; Endostatins - analysis; Female; Fibroblasts - drug effects; Fibroblasts - physiology; Growth factors; Hepatocyte Growth Factor - analysis; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - analysis; Integrin alpha2 - analysis; Integrin alpha2 - drug effects; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - blood; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - pharmacology; Male; periodontal ligament; Periodontal Ligament - cytology; Periodontal Ligament - drug effects; Periodontal Ligament - physiology; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor - analysis; Platelet-Rich Plasma - chemistry; Platelet-Rich Plasma - physiology; platelet‐rich plasma; Regeneration - physiology; Thrombospondin 1 - analysis; Thrombospondin 1 - drug effects; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 - analysis; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - analysis; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - drug effects; wound healing; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0022-3492; 1943-3670
• DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.120556

Background: Regeneration of periodontal tissues is one of the most important goals for the treatment of periodontal disease. The technology of plasma rich in growth factors provides a biologic approach for the stimulation and acceleration of tissue healing. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the biologic effects of this technology on primary human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Methods: The authors studied the response of periodontal ligament cells to this pool of growth factors on cell proliferation, cell migration, secretion of several biomolecules, cell adhesion, and expression of α2 integrin. Cell proliferation and adhesion were evaluated by means of a fluorescence‐based method. Cell migration was performed on culture inserts. The release of different biomolecules by periodontal ligament fibroblasts was quantified through enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The α2 integrin expression was assessed through Western blot. Results: This autologous technology significantly stimulated cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, and synthesis of many growth factors from cells including vascular endothelial growth factor, thrombospondin 1, connective tissue growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, and procollagen type I. The α2 integrin expression was lower in plasma rich in growth factor–treated cells compared to non‐stimulated cells, although no statistically significant differences were observed. Conclusion: This plasma rich in growth factors exerts positive effects on periodontal ligament fibroblasts, which could be positive for periodontal regeneration.