Crustal deformation associated with the 2011 Shinmoe-dake eruption as observed by tiltmeters and GPS

The National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED) developed volcano observation stations at the Kirishima volcanic group in 2010. The stations observed remarkable crustal deformation and seismic tremors associated with the Shinmoe-dake eruption in 2011. The major erupt...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Earth, planets, and space planets, and space, 2013-01, Vol.65 (6), p.517-525
Main Authors: Ueda, Hideki, Kozono, Tomofumi, Fujita, Eisuke, Kohno, Yuhki, Nagai, Masashi, Miyagi, Yousuke, Tanada, Toshikazu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Camber
Chambers
Craters
Deformation
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Geology
Geophysics/Geodesy
Magma
Stations
Tilt
Tiltmeters
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Summary:The National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED) developed volcano observation stations at the Kirishima volcanic group in 2010. The stations observed remarkable crustal deformation and seismic tremors associated with the Shinmoe-dake eruption in 2011. The major eruptive activity began with sub-Plinian eruptions (January 26) before changing to explosive eruptions and continuous lava effusion into the summit crater (from January 28). The observation data combined with GEONET data of GSI indicated a magma chamber located about 7 km to the northwest of Shinmoe-dake at about 10 km depth. The tiltmeter data also quantified detailed temporal volumetric changes of the magma chamber due to the continuous eruptions. The synchronized tilt changes with the eruptions clearly show that the erupted magma was supplied from the magma chamber; nevertheless, the stations did not detect clear precursory tilt changes and earthquakes showing ascent of magma from the magma chamber just before the major eruptions. The lack of clear precursors suggests that magma had been stored in a conduit connecting the crater and the magma chamber prior to the beginning of the sub-Plinian eruptions.
ISSN:1343-8832
1880-5981
DOI:10.5047/eps.2013.03.001