Two‐Dimensional Model Simulation of 1,3‐Dichloropropene Volatilization and Transport in a Field Soil

• Published in: Journal of environmental quality 2000-03, Vol.29 (2), p.639-644
• Main Authors: Wang, D., Knuteson, J. A., Yates, S. R.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; Applied sciences; Atmospheric pollution; Biological and medical sciences; Biological and physicochemical properties of pollutants. Interaction in the soil; Dispersed sources and other; Earth sciences; Earth, ocean, space; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics; Exact sciences and technology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Pollution; Pollution sources. Measurement results; Pollution, environment geology; Soil and sediments pollution; Soil and water pollution; Soil science
• ISSN: 0047-2425; 1537-2537
• DOI: 10.2134/jeq2000.00472425002900020035x

A modeling study was conducted to simulate 1,3‐dichloropropene (1,3‐D) emission and concentration distribution in soil profiles when the chemical was applied with subsurface drip irrigation with reduced rate. The purpose was to evaluate the effect on emission reduction as compared with conventional shank injection application. To compare with field measurements, simulated scenarios included a shallow drip application at 2.5 cm, covered with a polyethylene film; a deep drip application at 20.3 em with bare soil surface; and a conventional shank injection at 30.5 cm with a regular application rate. A convective and diffusive two‐dimensional model was used to simulate the simultaneous transport of 1,3‐D in both liquid and gaseous phases. Diurnal variations of soil temperature were predicted to calculate 1,3‐D diffusion coefficient and the Henry's constant. Predicted 1,3‐D emissions compared well with field measurements for the shallow and deep drip irrigation treatments. The model simulation underpredicted 1,3‐D emission in the shank injection plot, where other transport mechanisms such as gas phase convection likely occurred during and immediately after application. Results from the modeling study indicate that computer simulation can be used effectively to study the environmental fate and transport of 1,3‐D under conditions where vapor phase diffusion and liquid phase convection are the dominant transport mechanisms. Applying 1,3‐D with subsurface drip irrigation appeared to be useful for emission reduction.